logo VEGANALYZE

References

Potassium Deficiency - Symptoms, Causes, Therapy

  1. Rodenburg EM, Visser LE, Hoorn EJ, Ruiter R, Lous JJ, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Stricker BH.: Thiazides and the risk of hypokalemia in the general population.; J Hypertens. 2014 Oct;32(10):2092-7; discussion 2097. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000299.; PMID: 25105457
  2. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
  3. Elisaf M, Liberopoulos E, Bairaktari E, Siamopoulos K.: Hypokalemia in alcoholic patients.; Drug Alcohol Rev. 2002 Mar;21(1):73-6.; PMID: 12189007; DOI: 10.1080/09595230220119282
  4. Wiegand CF, Davin TD, Raij L, Kjellstrand CM.: Severe hypokalemia induced by hemodialysis.; Arch Intern Med. 1981 Feb;141(2):167-70.; PMID: 7458512
  5. Arora S, Cheng D, Wyler B, Menchine M.: Prevalence of hypokalemia in ED patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.; Am J Emerg Med. 2012 Mar;30(3):481-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2011.01.002. Epub 2011 Feb 11.; PMID: 21316179
  6. Susan A. Lanham-New, Helen Lambert: Potassium; Adv Nutr November 2012 Adv Nutr vol. 3: 820-821, 2012; doi: 10.3945/an.112.003012
  7. Alasdair Reid, Gareth Jones, Chris Isles: Hypokalaemia: common things occur commonly – a retrospective survey; JRSM Short Reports November 2012 3: 80, first published on November 1, 2012; doi:10.1258/shorts.2012.011179
  8. Keith T. Veltri, PharmD; Carly Mason, PharmD, BCPS: Medication-Induced Hypokalemia; P T. 2015 Mar; 40(3): 185–190.; PMCID: PMC4357351
  9. Alasdair Reid, Gareth Jones, Chris Isles: Hypokalaemia: common things occur commonly – a retrospective survey; JRSM Short Reports November 2012 3: 80, first published on November 1, 2012; doi:10.1258/shorts.2012.011179
  10. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
  11. Keld Kjeldsen, MD Dsc: Hypokalemia and sudden cardiac death; Exp Clin Cardiol. 2010 Winter; 15(4): e96–e99.; PMCID: PMC3016067;
  12. Alasdair Reid, Gareth Jones, Chris Isles: Hypokalaemia: common things occur commonly – a retrospective survey; JRSM Short Reports November 2012 3: 80, first published on November 1, 2012; doi:10.1258/shorts.2012.011179
  13. Alasdair Reid, Gareth Jones, Chris Isles: Hypokalaemia: common things occur commonly – a retrospective survey; JRSM Short Reports November 2012 3: 80, first published on November 1, 2012; doi:10.1258/shorts.2012.011179
  14. Roberto Dongilli, Claudio Crivellaro, Federica Targa, Giulio Donazzan, Markus Herrmann: A Rare Case of Hypokalemia and Hypomagnesemia; Clinical Chemistry Mar 2016, 62 (3) 436-440; DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.242057
  15. Alasdair Reid, Gareth Jones, Chris Isles: Hypokalaemia: common things occur commonly – a retrospective survey; JRSM Short Reports November 2012 3: 80, first published on November 1, 2012; doi:10.1258/shorts.2012.011179
  16. N.S. Neki: Hyperthyroid hypokalemic periodic paralysis; Pak J Med Sci. 2016 Jul-Aug; 32(4): 1051–1052.; doi: 10.12669/pjms.324.11006; PMCID: PMC5017077
  17. Dimitrijevic Z, Salinger-Martinovic S, Mitic B, Nikolic V.: Gitelman's syndrome as a cause of poorly controlled hypokalemia.; Clin Ter. 2015;166(3):e173-6. doi: 10.7417/T.2015.1850.; PMID: 26152628
  18. Concetta Catalano, Graziella Caridi, Maria Concetta Postorino, Giuseppe Enia: Hypokalaemia with paralysis: don’t forget the thyroid; BMJ Case Rep. 2011; 2011: bcr0120113721.; Published online 2011 Mar 24.; doi: 10.1136/bcr.01.2011.3721; PMCID: PMC3070323
  19. A Rastergar, M Soleimani: Hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia; Postgrad Med J 2001;77:914 759-764 doi:10.1136/pmj.77.914.759
  20. Roberto Dongilli, Claudio Crivellaro, Federica Targa, Giulio Donazzan, Markus Herrmann: A Rare Case of Hypokalemia and Hypomagnesemia; Clinical Chemistry Mar 2016, 62 (3) 436-440; DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.242057
  21. Uwe Gröber, Joachim Schmidt, Klaus Kisters: Magnesium in Prevention and Therapy; Nutrients. 2015 Sep; 7(9): 8199–8226.; Published online 2015 Sep 23.; doi: 10.3390/nu7095388; PMCID: PMC4586582
  22. Chou-Long Huang, Elizabeth Kuo: Mechanism of Hypokalemia in Magnesium Deficiency; JASN October 2007 18: 2649-2652; published ahead of print September 5, 2007, doi:10.1681/ASN.2007070792
  23. Rude RK.: Physiology of magnesium metabolism and the important role of magnesium in potassium deficiency.; Am J Cardiol. 1989 Apr 18;63(14):31G-34G.; PMID: 2650512
  24. Whang R, Whang DD, Ryan MP.: Refractory potassium repletion. A consequence of magnesium deficiency.; Arch Intern Med. 1992 Jan;152(1):40-5.; PMID: 1728927
  25. Huang CL, Kuo E.: Mechanism of hypokalemia in magnesium deficiency.; J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Oct;18(10):2649-52. Epub 2007 Sep 5.; PMID: 17804670; DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2007070792
  26. Whang R.: Clinical disorders of magnesium metabolism.; Compr Ther. 1997 Mar;23(3):168-73.; PMID: 9113454
  27. ZALMAN S. AGUS: Hypomagnesemia; JASN July 1, 1999 vol. 10 no. 7 1616-1622
  28. Whang R, Ryder KW.: Frequency of hypomagnesemia and hypermagnesemia. Requested vs routine.; JAMA. 1990 Jun 13;263(22):3063-4.; PMID: 2342219
  29. ZALMAN S. AGUS: Hypomagnesemia; JASN July 1, 1999 vol. 10 no. 7 1616-1622
  30. Mumoli N, Cei M.: Licorice-induced hypokalemia.; Int J Cardiol. 2008 Mar 14;124(3):e42-4. Epub 2007 Feb 22.; PMID: 17320224; DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.11.190
  31. Fernando Caravaca-Fontan, Olga Martinez-Saez, Maria Delgado-Yague, Estefania Yerovi, Fernando Liaño: An Unexpected Cause of Severe Hypokalemia; Case Rep Nephrol. 2015; 2015: 957583.; Published online 2015 Oct 15.; doi: 10.1155/2015/957583; PMCID: PMC4624913
  32. Henrik Horwitz, Vidar A. Woeien, Linda Wiuff Petersen, Espen Jimenez-Solem: Hypokalemia and rhabdomyolysis; J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2015 Apr-Jun; 6(2): 98–99.; doi: 10.4103/0976-500X.155488; PMCID: PMC4419257
  33. Tsimihodimos V, Kakaidi V, Elisaf M.: Cola-induced hypokalaemia: pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical implications.; Int J Clin Pract. 2009 Jun;63(6):900-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2009.02051.x.; PMID: 19490200
  34. Clifford D Packer: Chronic hypokalemia due to excessive cola consumption: a case report; Cases Journal 2008 1:32; DOI: 10.1186/1757-1626-1-32; Published: July 14, 2008
  35. Yutaka Tajima: Coffee-induced Hypokalaemia; Clin Med Insights Case Rep. 2010; 3: 9–13.; published online April 15, 2010.; PMCID: PMC3046007
  36. Appel CC, Myles TD.: Caffeine-induced hypokalemic paralysis in pregnancy.; Obstet Gynecol. 2001 May;97(5 Pt 2):805-7.; PMID: 11336759
  37. Hyeon Jeong Lee, Dong Wook Kim, Hyun Seop Cho, Eun Young Jung, Dong Won Lee, Se-Ho Chang, and Dong Jun Park: Hypokalaemic paralysis induced by large amounts of cola consumption; Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. (2007) 22 (9): 2729; first published online June 8, 2007; doi:10.1093/ndt/gfm355
  38. Gennari FJ.: Hypokalemia.; N Engl J Med. 1998 Aug 13;339(7):451-8.; DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199808133390707
  39. Angela Greco, Giovanni Rabito, Michaela Pironi, Marco Bissig, Saida Parlato, Laura Andreocchi, Giorgia Bianchi, Marilù Guigli Poretti, Michael Llamas, Rita Monotti, Leander Sciolli, Franco Ravetta, Roberto Della Bruna, Anna Zasa, Daniela Stehrenberger, Olivier Giannini, Luca Gabutti: Hypokalaemia in hospitalised patients; Swiss Med Wkly. 2016;146:w14320; Published 20 June 2016, doi:10.4414/smw.2016.14320
  40. University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC): Potassium; accessed on September 26, 2016
  41. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
  42. Chih-Jen Cheng, Elizabeth Kuo, Chou-Long Huang: Extracellular Potassium Homeostasis: Insights from Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis; Semin Nephrol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 Aug 13.; Published in final edited form as: Semin Nephrol. 2013 May; 33(3): 237–247.; doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2013.04.004; PMCID: PMC4131448; NIHMSID: NIHMS471073
  43. American Heart Association: Part 8: Advanced Challenges in Resuscitation: Section 1: Life-Threatening Electrolyte Abnormalities; Circulation. 2000;102:I-217-I-222; doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.102.suppl_1.I-217; Print ISSN: 0009-7322. Online ISSN: 1524-4539
  44. Mark Jordan, Jenny Caesar: Hypokalaemia: Improving the investigation, management and therapeutic monitoring of hypokalaemic medical inpatients at a district general hospital; BMJ Qual Improv Rep. 2015; 4(1): u209049.w3670.; Published online 2015 Aug 19.; doi: 10.1136/bmjquality.u209049.w3670; PMCID: PMC4693097
  45. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
  46. Ankush Gupta, Vibhu Narain Khanna, Imran Rizvi, Anirban Gupta: Secondary hypokalaemic paralysis; BMJ Case Rep. 2012; 2012: bcr0320126135. Published online 2012 Sep 30.; doi: 10.1136/bcr-03-2012-6135; PMCID: PMC4543112; Learning from errors
  47. Davies, R. G. and Gemmell, L. (2001), Severe hypokalaemia causing acute respiratory failure. Anaesthesia, 56: 694–695. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2044.2001.02137-7.x
  48. Keld Kjeldsen, MD Dsc: Hypokalemia and sudden cardiac death; Exp Clin Cardiol. 2010 Winter; 15(4): e96–e99.; PMCID: PMC3016067;
  49. Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University: Potassium; accessed on September 26, 2016
  50. Kitty K. T. Cheung, Wing-Yee So, Alice P. S. Kong, Ronald C. W. Ma, Francis C. C. Chow: Life-Threatening Hypokalemic Paralysis in a Young Bodybuilder; Case Rep Endocrinol. 2014; 2014: 483835.; Published online 2014 Feb 11.; doi: 10.1155/2014/483835; PMCID: PMC3934379
  51. A Rastergar, M Soleimani: Hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia; Postgrad Med J 2001;77:914 759-764 doi:10.1136/pmj.77.914.759
  52. Henrik Horwitz, Vidar A. Woeien, Linda Wiuff Petersen, Espen Jimenez-Solem: Hypokalemia and rhabdomyolysis; J Pharmacol Pharmacother. 2015 Apr-Jun; 6(2): 98–99.; doi: 10.4103/0976-500X.155488; PMCID: PMC4419257
  53. Castro H, Raij L.: Potassium in hypertension and cardiovascular disease.; Semin Nephrol. 2013 May;33(3):277-89. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2013.04.008.; PMID: 23953805
  54. Lennon-Edwards S, Allman BR, Schellhardt TA, Ferreira CR, Farquhar WB, Edwards DG.: Lower potassium intake is associated with increased wave reflection in young healthy adults.; Nutr J. 2014 Apr 28;13:39.; doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-39.; PMID: 24775098
  55. Keld Kjeldsen, MD Dsc: Hypokalemia and sudden cardiac death; Exp Clin Cardiol. 2010 Winter; 15(4): e96–e99.; PMCID: PMC3016067;
  56. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
  57. Joel T Levis, MD, PhD, FACEP, FAAEM: ECG Diagnosis: Hypokalemia; Perm J. 2012 Spring; 16(2): 57.; PMCID: PMC3383164
  58. Ankush Gupta, Vibhu Narain Khanna, Imran Rizvi, Anirban Gupta: Secondary hypokalaemic paralysis; BMJ Case Rep. 2012; 2012: bcr0320126135. Published online 2012 Sep 30.; doi: 10.1136/bcr-03-2012-6135; PMCID: PMC4543112; Learning from errors
  59. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
  60. Roberto Dongilli, Claudio Crivellaro, Federica Targa, Giulio Donazzan, Markus Herrmann: A Rare Case of Hypokalemia and Hypomagnesemia; Clinical Chemistry Mar 2016, 62 (3) 436-440; DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.242057
  61. Alasdair Reid, Gareth Jones, Chris Isles: Hypokalaemia: common things occur commonly – a retrospective survey; JRSM Short Reports November 2012 3: 80, first published on November 1, 2012; doi:10.1258/shorts.2012.011179
  62. Mark Jordan, Jenny Caesar: Hypokalaemia: Improving the investigation, management and therapeutic monitoring of hypokalaemic medical inpatients at a district general hospital; BMJ Qual Improv Rep. 2015; 4(1): u209049.w3670.; Published online 2015 Aug 19.; doi: 10.1136/bmjquality.u209049.w3670; PMCID: PMC4693097
  63. Salim Lim: Approach to hypokalemia.; Acta Med Indones. 2007 Jan-Mar;39(1):56-64.
  64. Alasdair Reid, Gareth Jones, Chris Isles: Hypokalaemia: common things occur commonly – a retrospective survey; JRSM Short Reports November 2012 3: 80, first published on November 1, 2012; doi:10.1258/shorts.2012.011179
  65. American Heart Association: Part 8: Advanced Challenges in Resuscitation: Section 1: Life-Threatening Electrolyte Abnormalities; Circulation. 2000;102:I-217-I-222; doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.102.suppl_1.I-217; Print ISSN: 0009-7322. Online ISSN: 1524-4539
  66. Alasdair Reid, Gareth Jones, Chris Isles: Hypokalaemia: common things occur commonly – a retrospective survey; JRSM Short Reports November 2012 3: 80, first published on November 1, 2012; doi:10.1258/shorts.2012.011179
  67. Roberto Dongilli, Claudio Crivellaro, Federica Targa, Giulio Donazzan, Markus Herrmann: A Rare Case of Hypokalemia and Hypomagnesemia; Clinical Chemistry Mar 2016, 62 (3) 436-440; DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.242057
  68. A Rastergar, M Soleimani: Hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia; Postgrad Med J 2001;77:914 759-764 doi:10.1136/pmj.77.914.759
  69. A Rastergar, M Soleimani: Hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia; Postgrad Med J 2001;77:914 759-764 doi:10.1136/pmj.77.914.759
  70. A Rastergar, M Soleimani: Hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia; Postgrad Med J 2001;77:914 759-764 doi:10.1136/pmj.77.914.759
  71. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
  72. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
  73. Angela Greco, Giovanni Rabito, Michaela Pironi, Marco Bissig, Saida Parlato, Laura Andreocchi, Giorgia Bianchi, Marilù Guigli Poretti, Michael Llamas, Rita Monotti, Leander Sciolli, Franco Ravetta, Roberto Della Bruna, Anna Zasa, Daniela Stehrenberger, Olivier Giannini, Luca Gabutti: Hypokalaemia in hospitalised patients; Swiss Med Wkly. 2016;146:w14320; Published 20 June 2016, doi:10.4414/smw.2016.14320
  74. A Rastergar, M Soleimani: Hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia; Postgrad Med J 2001;77:914 759-764 doi:10.1136/pmj.77.914.759
  75. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
  76. Iezhitsa IN, Spasov AA.: Potassium magnesium homeostasis: physiology, pathophysiology, clinical consequences of deficiency and pharmacological correction.; Usp Fiziol Nauk. 2008 Jan-Mar;39(1):23-41.; PMID: 18314767
  77. Roberto Dongilli, Claudio Crivellaro, Federica Targa, Giulio Donazzan, Markus Herrmann: A Rare Case of Hypokalemia and Hypomagnesemia; Clinical Chemistry Mar 2016, 62 (3) 436-440; DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.242057
  78. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447