VEGANALYZE

References Of All Articles

Vitamins For Life

1. Amir Sharabi, Eytan Cohen, Jaqueline Sulkes, Moshe Garty: Replacement therapy for vitamin B12 deficiency: comparison between the sublingual and oral route; Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Dec; 56(6): 635–638.; doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01907.x; PMCID: PMC1884303
2. Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University: Biotin; abgerufen am 15.10.2015
3. Bandeira F, Griz L, Dreyer P, Eufrazino C, Bandeira C, Freese E.: Vitamin D deficiency: A global perspective.; Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2006 Aug;50(4):640-6.; PMID: 17117289

Alpha-Linolenic Acid / Omega-3 Fatty Acid

1. Brenda C Davis, Penny M Kris-Etherton: Achieving optimal essential fatty acid status in vegetarians: current knowledge and practical implications; American Society for Clinical Nutrition; Am J Clin Nutr September 2003; vol. 78 no. 3 640S-646S
2. Burdge GC, Calder PC.: Conversion of alpha-linolenic acid to longer-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human adults.; Reprod Nutr Dev. 2005 Sep-Oct;45(5):581-97.; PMID: 16188209
3. Plourde M, Cunnane SC.: Extremely limited synthesis of long chain polyunsaturates in adults: implications for their dietary essentiality and use as supplements.; Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2007 Aug;32(4):619-34.; PMID: 17622276
4. Sanders TA.: Plant compared with marine n-3 fatty acid effects on cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes: what is the verdict?; First published June 4, 2014, doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.071555; Am J Clin Nutr July 2014; vol. 100 no. Supplement 1 453S-458S
5. Narinder Kaur, Vishal Chugh, Anil K. Gupta: Essential fatty acids as functional components of foods - a review; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Oct; 51(10): 2289–2303.; Published online 2012 Mar 21. doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0677-0; PMCID: PMC4190204
6. Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center; Reviewed By: Steven D. Ehrlich, NMD: Alpha-linolenic acid; accessed on December 3, 2015
7. The UN.: Essential fatty acids: biochemistry, physiology and pathology.; Biotechnol J. 2006 Apr;1(4):420-39.; PMID: 16892270
8. Angela V Saunders, Brenda C Davis, Manohar L Garg: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vegetarian diets; Med J Aust 2013; 199 (4 Suppl): S22-S26.; doi: 10.5694/mja11.11507
9. Kerstin Harnack, Gaby Andersen, Veronika Somoza: Quantitation of alpha-linolenic acid elongation to eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid as affected by the ratio of n6/n3 fatty acids; Nutr Metab (Lond). 2009; 6: 8.; Published online 2009 Feb 19. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-6-8; PMCID: PMC2656504
10. Liou YA, King DJ, Zibrik D, Innis SM.: Decreasing linoleic acid with constant alpha-linolenic acid in dietary fats increases (n-3) eicosapentaenoic acid in plasma phospholipids in healthy men.; J. Nutr. April 2007 vol. 137 no. 4 945-952
11. Pan A, Chen M, Chowdhury R, Wu JH, Sun Q, Campos H, Mozaffarian D, Hu FB.: α-Linolenic acid and risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Dec;96(6):1262-73. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.044040. Epub 2012 Oct 17.; PMID: 23076616
12. Sujatha Rajaram: Health benefits of plant-derived α-linolenic acid; First published June 4, 2014, doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.071514; Am J Clin Nutr July 2014; vol. 100 no. Supplement 1 443S-448S
13. Jennifer A. Fleming, Penny M. Kris-Etherton: The Evidence for α-Linolenic Acid and Cardiovascular Disease Benefits: Comparisons with Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid; Adv Nutr. 2014 Nov; 5(6): 863S–876S.; Published online 2014 Nov 3. doi: 10.3945/an.114.005850; PMCID: PMC4224228
14. Brouwer IA, Katan MB, Zock PL.: Dietary alpha-linolenic acid is associated with reduced risk of fatal coronary heart disease, but increased prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis.; J Nutr. 2004 Apr;134(4):919-22.; PMID: 15051847
15. Mozaffarian D.: Does alpha-linolenic acid intake reduce the risk of coronary heart disease? A review of the evidence.; Altern Ther Health Med. 2005 May-Jun;11(3):24-30; quiz 31, 79.; PMID: 15945135
16. Zatonski W, Campos H, Willett W.: Rapid declines in coronary heart disease mortality in Eastern Europe are associated with increased consumption of oils rich in alpha-linolenic acid.; Eur J Epidemiol. 2008;23(1):3-10. Epub 2007 Oct 23.; PMID: 17955332
17. Vedtofte MS, Jakobsen MU, Lauritzen L, O'Reilly EJ, Virtamo J, Knekt P, Colditz G, Hallmans G, Buring J, Steffen LM, Robien K, Rimm EB, Heitmann BL.: Association between the intake of alpha-linolenic acid and the risk of CHD.; Br J Nutr. 2014 Sep 14;112(5):735-43. doi: 10.1017/S000711451400138X. Epub 2014 Jun 25.; PMID: 24964401
18. Amanda M. Fretts, Dariush Mozaffarian, David S. Siscovick, Colleen Sitlani, Bruce M. Psaty, Eric B. Rimm, Xiaoling Song, Barbara McKnight, Donna Spiegelman, Irena B. King, and Rozenn N. Lemaitre: Plasma phospholipid and dietary alpha-linolenic acid, mortality, CHD and stroke: the Cardiovascular Health Study; Br J Nutr. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 Oct 14.; Published in final edited form as: Br J Nutr. 2014 Oct 14; 112(7): 1206–1213.; Published online 2014 Aug 27. doi: 10.1017/S0007114514001925; PMCID: PMC4192018; NIHMSID: NIHMS629072
19. Nicolas Blondeau, Robert H. Lipsky, Miled Bourourou, Mark W. Duncan, Philip B. Gorelick, Ann M. Marini: Alpha-Linolenic Acid: An Omega-3 Fatty Acid with Neuroprotective Properties—Ready for Use in the Stroke Clinic?; Biomed Res Int. 2015; 2015: 519830.; Published online 2015 Feb 19. doi: 10.1155/2015/519830; PMCID: PMC4350958
20. Erdinest N, Shmueli O, Grossman Y, Ovadia H, Solomon A.: Anti-inflammatory effects of alpha linolenic acid on human corneal epithelial cells.; Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Jul 3;53(8):4396-406. doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-9724.; PMID: 22669722
21. Hadjighassem M, Kamalidehghan B, Shekarriz N, Baseerat A, Molavi N, Mehrpour M, Joghataei MT, Tondar M, Ahmadipour F, Meng GY.: Oral consumption of alpha-linolenic acid increases serum BDNF levels in healthy adult humans.; Nutr J. 2015 Feb 26;14:20. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0012-5.; PMID: 25889793
22. Djoussé L, Arnett DK, Carr JJ, Eckfeldt JH, Hopkins PN, Province MA, Ellison RC; Investigators of the NHLBI FHS.: Dietary linolenic acid is inversely associated with calcified atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study.; Circulation. 2005 Jun 7;111(22):2921-6. Epub 2005 May 31.; PMID: 15927976
23. Varga Z.: [Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the prevention of atherosclerosis].; Orv Hetil. 2008 Apr 6;149(14):627-37. doi: 10.1556/OH.2008.28296.; PMID: 18375362
24. Wang DQ, Liu XL, Rong QF, Han L, Zhao NQ.: [Alpha-linolenic acid improves insulin sensitivity in obese patients].; Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2013 Jan 8;93(2):132-4.; PMID: 23648351
25. Cornish SM, Chilibeck PD.: Alpha-linolenic acid supplementation and resistance training in older adults.; Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2009 Feb;34(1):49-59. doi: 10.1139/H08-136.; PMID: 1923458
26. Luc Djoussé, Donna K. Arnett, James S. Pankow, Paul N. Hopkins, Michael A. Province, R. Curtis Ellison: Dietary Linolenic Acid Is Associated With a Lower Prevalence of Hypertension in the NHLBI Family Heart Study; Hypertension. 2005; 45: 368-373; Published online before print January 17, 2005, doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000154679.41568.e6
27. Takeuchi H, Sakurai C, Noda R, Sekine S, Murano Y, Wanaka K, Kasai M, Watanabe S, Aoyama T, Kondo K.: Antihypertensive effect and safety of dietary alpha-linolenic acid in subjects with high-normal blood pressure and mild hypertension.; J Oleo Sci. 2007;56(7):347-60.; PMID: 17898501
28. Daley C, Patterson A, Sibbritt D, MacDonald-Wicks L.: Unsaturated fat intakes and mental health outcomes in young women from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Heath.; Public Health Nutr. 2015 Feb;18(3):546-53. doi: 10.1017/S1368980014000561. Epub 2014 Apr 9.; PMID: 24717118
29. Carayol M, Grosclaude P, Delpierre C.: Prospective studies of dietary alpha-linolenic acid intake and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis.; Cancer Causes Control. 2010 Mar;21(3):347-55. doi: 10.1007/s10552-009-9465-1.; PMID: 19921446
30. Leitzmann MF, Stampfer MJ, Michaud DS, Augustsson K, Colditz GC, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL.: Dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and the risk of prostate cancer.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Jul;80(1):204-16.; PMID: 15213050
31. Brouwer IA, Katan MB, Zock PL.: Dietary alpha-linolenic acid is associated with reduced risk of fatal coronary heart disease, but increased prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis.; J Nutr. 2004 Apr;134(4):919-22.; PMID: 15051847
32. Simon JA, Chen YH, Bent S.: The relation of alpha-linolenic acid to the risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 May;89(5):1558S-1564S. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.26736E. Epub 2009 Mar 25.; PMID: 19321563
33. Wiggins AK, Mason JK, Thompson LU.: Growth and gene expression differ over time in alpha-linolenic acid treated breast cancer cells.; Exp Cell Res. 2015 Apr 10;333(1):147-54. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.02.020. Epub 2015 Mar 2.; PMID: 25743093
34. Wiggins AK, Kharotia S, Mason JK, Thompson LU.: α-Linolenic Acid Reduces Growth of Both Triple Negative and Luminal Breast Cancer Cells in High and Low Estrogen Environments.; Nutr Cancer. 2015;67(6):1001-9. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1053496. Epub 2015 Jul 2.; PMID: 26134471
35. Glen D. Lawrence: Dietary Fats and Health: Dietary Recommendations in the Context of Scientific Evidence; doi: 10.3945/an.113.003657; Adv Nutr May 2013 Adv Nutr vol. 4: 294-302, 2013
36. Narinder Kaur, Vishal Chugh, and Anil K. Gupta: Essential fatty acids as functional components of foods- a review; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Oct; 51(10): 2289–2303.; Published online 2012 Mar 21. doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0677-0; PMCID: PMC4190204
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39. Angela V Saunders, Brenda C Davis, Manohar L Garg: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vegetarian diets; Med J Aust 2013; 199 (4 Suppl): S22-S26.; doi: 10.5694/mja11.11507
40. Brenda C Davis, Penny M Kris-Etherton: Achieving optimal essential fatty acid status in vegetarians: current knowledge and practical implications; American Society for Clinical Nutrition; Am J Clin Nutr September 2003; vol. 78 no. 3 640S-646S
41. Jaclyn M Coletta, MD; Stacey J Bell, DSc, RD; Ashley S Roman, MD, MPH: Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Pregnancy; Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Fall; 3(4): 163–171.; PMCID: PMC3046737
42. Brenda C Davis, Penny M Kris-Etherton: Achieving optimal essential fatty acid status in vegetarians: current knowledge and practical implications; American Society for Clinical Nutrition; Am J Clin Nutr September 2003; vol. 78 no. 3 640S-646S
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44. Brenna JT, Salem N Jr, Sinclair AJ, Cunnane SC; International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids, ISSFAL.: alpha-Linolenic acid supplementation and conversion to n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in humans.; Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2009 Feb-Mar;80(2-3):85-91. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2009.01.004. Epub 2009 Mar 9.; PMID: 19269799
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46. Davis BC, Kris-Etherton PM.: Achieving optimal essential fatty acid status in vegetarians: current knowledge and practical implications.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;78(3 Suppl):640S-646S.; PMID: 12936959
47. Rosell MS, Lloyd-Wright Z, Appleby PN, Sanders TA, Allen NE, Key TJ.: Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plasma in British meat-eating, vegetarian, and vegan men.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Aug;82(2):327-34.; PMID: 16087975
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52. Kornek A, Kucharska A, Kamela K.: Analysis of the fatty acid profile of vegetarian and non-vegetarian diet in the context of some diet-related diseases prevention.; Wiad Lek. 2016;69(3 pt 2):483-488.; PMID: 27717930

Are avocado seeds edible or poisonous?

1. Jiménez-Arellanes A, Luna-Herrera J, Ruiz-Nicolás R, Cornejo-Garrido J, Tapia A, Yépez-Mulia L.: Antiprotozoal and antimycobacterial activities of Persea americana seeds.; BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 May 16;13:109. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-109.; PMID: 2368012
2. Francisco J. Segovia, Juan J. Corral-Pérez, María P. Almajano: Avocado seed: Modeling extraction of bioactive compounds; Industrial Crops and Products Volume 85, July 2016, Pages 213–220; doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.03.005
3. Dabas D, Shegog RM, Ziegler GR, Lambert JD.: Avocado (Persea americana) seed as a source of bioactive phytochemicals.; Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(34):6133-40.; PMID: 2344844
4. Kosińska A, Karamać M, Estrella I, Hernández T, Bartolomé B, Dykes GA. Phenolic compound profiles and antioxidant capacity of Persea americana Mill. peels and seeds of two varieties. J Agric Food Chem. 2012 May 9;60(18):4613-9. doi: 10.1021/jf300090p. Epub 2012 Apr 24. PMID: 22494370.
5. Wei Wang, Terrell R. Bostic, Liwei Gu: Antioxidant capacities, procyanidins and pigments in avocados of different strains and cultivars; Food Chemistry Volume 122, Issue 4, 15 October 2010, Pages 1193–1198; doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.03.114
6. R. C. Haas: VARIATIONS IN THE COMPOSITION OF AVOCADO SEED; California Avocado Society 1951 Yearbook 35: 139-152
7. Maria del R. Ramos-Jerz, Socorro Villanueva, Gerold Jerz, Peter Winterhalter, Alexandra M. Deters: Persea americana Mill. Seed: Fractionation, Characterization, and Effects on Human Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts; Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013; 2013: 391247.; Published online 2013 Nov 28. doi: 10.1155/2013/391247; PMCID: PMC3863524
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10. M. Gilloolya, T. H. Bothwella, J. D. Torrancea, A. P. MacPhaila, D. P. Dermana, W. R. Bezwodaa1, W. Millsa, R. W. Charltona, Fatima Mayeta: The effects of organic acids, phytates and polyphenols on the absorption of iron from vegetables; British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 49 / Issue 03 / May 1983, pp 331-342; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/BJN19830042 (About DOI), Published online: 09 March 2007
11. Chel-Guerrero L, Barbosa-Martín E, Martínez-Antonio A, González-Mondragón E, Betancur-Ancona D.: Some physicochemical and rheological properties of starch isolated from avocado seeds.; Int J Biol Macromol. 2016 May;86:302-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.01.052. Epub 2016 Jan 20.; PMID: 26800900

Avocado - Healthy For The Heart And Circulation

1. Carrillo C, Cavia Mdel M, Alonso-Torre S.: Role of oleic acid in the immune system; mechanism of action; a review.; Nutr Hosp. 2012 Jul-Aug;27(4):978-90. doi: 10.3305/nh.2012.27.4.5783.; PMID: 23165533
2. Carrillo C, Cavia Mdel M, Alonso-Torre SR.: Antitumor effect of oleic acid; mechanisms of action: a review.; Nutr Hosp. 2012 Nov-Dec;27(6):1860-5. doi: 10.3305/nh.2012.27.6.6010.; PMID: 23588432
3. Li Wang, Peter L Bordi, Jennifer A Fleming, Penny M Kris-Etherton: The effect of one Hass avocado per day on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors; The FASEB Journal. 2013;27:1057.1;
4. Ma L, Lin XM.: Effects of lutein and zeaxanthin on aspects of eye health.; J Sci Food Agric. 2010 Jan 15;90(1):2-12. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.3785.; PMID: 20355006
5. Nuray Z. Unlu, Torsten Bohn, Steven K. Clinton, and Steven J. Schwartz: Carotenoid Absorption from Salad and Salsa by Humans Is Enhanced by the Addition of Avocado or Avocado Oil; The American Society for Nutritional Sciences; J. Nutr. March 1, 2005; vol. 135 no. 3 431-436
6. Johnson EJ.: The role of carotenoids in human health.; Nutr Clin Care. 2002 Mar-Apr;5(2):56-65.; PMID: 12134711
7. Rachel E. Kopec, Jessica L. Cooperstone, Ralf M. Schweiggert, Gregory S. Young, Earl H. Harrison, David M. Francis, Steven K. Clinton, Steven J. Schwartz: Avocado Consumption Enhances Human Postprandial Provitamin A Absorption and Conversion from a Novel High–?-Carotene Tomato Sauce and from Carrots; J Nutr. 2014 Aug; 144(8): 1158–1166.; Published online 2014 Jun 4. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.187674; PMCID: PMC4093981
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9. Michelle Wien, Ella Haddad, Keiji Oda, Joan Sabaté: A randomized 3x3 crossover study to evaluate the effect of Hass avocado intake on post-ingestive satiety, glucose and insulin levels, and subsequent energy intake in overweight adults; Nutrition Journal 2013, 12:155; doi:10.1186/1475-2891-12-155; Published: 27 November 2013
10. Victor L Fulgoni, III, Mark Dreher, Adrienne J Davenport: Avocado consumption is associated with better diet quality and nutrient intake, and lower metabolic syndrome risk in US adults: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2008; Nutr J. 2013; 12: 1. Published online 2013 Jan 2. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-1; PMCID: PMC3545982
11. Mark L. Dreher, Adrienne J. Davenport: Hass Avocado Composition and Potential Health Effects; Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2013 May; 53(7): 738–750. Published online 2013 May 2.; doi: 10.1080/10408398.2011.556759; PMCID: PMC3664913
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13. Ameer K.: Avocado as a Major Dietary Source of Antioxidants and Its Preventive Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases.; Adv Neurobiol. 2016;12:337-54. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-28383-8_18.; PMID: 27651262
14. Ana M. P. Lottenberg, Valéria S. Nunes, Edna R. Nakandakare, Mônica Neves, Márcia Bernik, José E. Santos, Eder C. R. Quintão: Eficiência dos Ésteres de Fitoesteróis Alimentares na Redução dos Lípides Plasmáticos em Hipercolesterolêmicos Moderados; Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia Print version ISSN 0066-782X; On-line version ISSN 1678-4170; Arq. Bras. Cardiol. vol.79 no.2 São Paulo Aug. 2002; http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0066-782X2002001100005
15. Patrícia Fonseca Duarte, Marcia Alves Chaves, Caroline Dellinghausen Borges, Carla Rosane Barboza Mendonça: Avocado: characteristics, health benefits and uses; Ciência Rural; Print version ISSN 0103-8478; On-line version ISSN 1678-4596; Cienc. Rural vol.46 no.4 Santa Maria Apr. 2016; http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20141516
16. Li Wang, PhD, Peter L. Bordi, PhD, Jennifer A. Fleming, MS, RD, Alison M. Hill, PhD, and Penny M. Kris?Etherton, PhD, RD: Effect of a Moderate Fat Diet With and Without Avocados on Lipoprotein Particle Number, Size and Subclasses in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Trial; J Am Heart Assoc. 2015 Jan; 4(1): e001355.; Published online 2015 Jan 7. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001355; PMCID: PMC4330060
17. Peou S, Milliard-Hasting B, Shah SA.: Impact of avocado-enriched diets on plasma lipoproteins: A meta-analysis.; J Clin Lipidol. 2016 Jan-Feb;10(1):161-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.10.011. Epub 2015 Nov 2.; PMID: 26892133
18. Lu QY, Arteaga JR, Zhang Q, Huerta S, Go VL, Heber D.: Inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth by an avocado extract: role of lipid-soluble bioactive substances.; J Nutr Biochem. 2005 Jan;16(1):23-30.; PMID: 15629237
19. Eric A. Lee, Leonard Angka, Sarah-Grace Rota, Thomas Hanlon, Andrew Mitchell, Rose Hurren, Xiao Ming Wang, Marcela Gronda, Ezel Boyaci, Barbara Bojko, Mark Minden, Shrivani Sriskanthadevan, Alessandro Datti, Jeffery L. Wrana, Andrea Edginton, Janusz Pawliszyn, Jamie W. Joseph, Joe Quadrilatero, Aaron D. Schimmer, Paul A. Spagnuolo: Targeting Mitochondria with Avocatin B Induces Selective Leukemia Cell Death; Cancer Res June 15, 2015 75; 2478; doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-2676
20. Vahedi Larijani L, Ghasemi M, AbedianKenari S, Naghshvar F.: Evaluating the effect of four extracts of avocado fruit on esophageal squamous carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines in comparison with peripheral blood mononuclear cells.; Acta Med Iran. 2014;52(3):201-5.; PMID: 24901722
21. Salgado, Jocelem Mastrodi, Danieli, Flávia, Regitano-D'arce, Marisa Aparecisa Bismara, Frias, Andrea, & Mansi, Débora Niero. (2008). O óleo de abacate (Persea americana Mill) como matéria-prima para a indústria alimentícia. Food Science and Technology (Campinas), 28(Suppl. ), 20-26. https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-20612008000500004
22. KAREN C DUESTER, MS, RD: Avocado Fruit is a Rich Source of Beta-Sitosterol; Journal of the American Dietetic Association , Volume 101 , Issue 4 , 404 - 405
23. P.J.D. Bouic, S. Etsebeth, R.W. Liebenberg, C.F. Albrecht, K. Pegel, P.P. Van Jaarsveld: Beta-sitosterol and beta-sitosterol glucoside stimulate human peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation: Implications for their use as an immunomodulatory vitamin combination; International Journal of Immunopharmacology Volume 18, Issue 12, December 1996, Pages 693-700; doi:10.1016/S0192-0561(97)85551-8
24. Patrick J.D Bouic: Sterols and sterolins: new drugs for the immune system?; Drug Discovery Today Volume 7, Issue 14, 1 July 2002, Pages 775–778; doi:10.1016/S1359-6446(02)02343-7
25. Zhao Y, Chang SK, Qu G, Li T, Cui H.: Beta-sitosterol inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in SGC-7901 human stomach cancer cells.; J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Jun 24;57(12):5211-8. doi: 10.1021/jf803878n.; PMID: 19456133
26. Guzmán-Rodríguez JJ, López-Gómez R, Salgado-Garciglia R, Ochoa-Zarzosa A, López-Meza JE.: The defensin from avocado (Persea americana var. drymifolia) PaDef induces apoptosis in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7.; Biomed Pharmacother. 2016 Jun 13;82:620-627. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.05.048.; PMID: 27470405
27. Mark L. Dreher, Adrienne J. Davenport: Hass Avocado Composition and Potential Health Effects; Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2013 May; 53(7): 738–750. Published online 2013 May 2.; doi: 10.1080/10408398.2011.556759; PMCID: PMC3664913
28. Paul R, Kulkarni P, Ganesh N.: Avocado fruit (Persea americana Mill) exhibits chemo-protective potentiality against cyclophosphamide induced genotoxicity in human lymphocyte culture.; J Exp Ther Oncol. 2011;9(3):221-30.; PMID: 22070054
29. Dabas D, Shegog RM, Ziegler GR, Lambert JD.: Avocado (Persea americana) seed as a source of bioactive phytochemicals.; Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(34):6133-40.; PMID: 23448442
30. Nicholas J. Talley, MD, PhD: Dietary Modification as a Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2012 Aug; 8(8): 552–554. PMCID: PMC3533216
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Biological Value

1. Wikipedia: Biological value, retrieved on 21.10.2015
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Blueberries - Healthy Benefits Through Anthocyanins

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95. Dutot M1, Rambaux L, Warnet JM, Rat P.: Oxidative stress modulation using polyphenol-rich blueberries: application on a human retinal cell model.; J Fr Ophtalmol. 2008 Dec;31(10):975-80.; PMID: 19107073
96. Liu Y, Song X, Zhang D, Zhou F, Wang D, Wei Y, Gao F, Xie L, Jia G, Wu W, Ji B.: Blueberry anthocyanins: protection against aging and light-induced damage in retinal pigment epithelial cells.; Br J Nutr. 2012 Jul 14;108(1):16-27.; doi: 10.1017/S000711451100523X. Epub 2011 Oct 12.; PMID: 22018225
97. Jin Li, Ruzhi Deng, Xia Hua, Lili Zhang, Fan Lu, Terry G. Coursey, Stephen C. Pflugfelder, De-Quan Lib: Blueberry Component Pterostilbene Protects Corneal Epithelial Cells from Inflammation via Anti-oxidative Pathway; Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 19408.; Published online 2016 Jan 14.; doi: 10.1038/srep19408; PMCID: PMC4725955
98. Arpita Basu, Mei Du, Misti J. Leyva, Karah Sanchez, Nancy M. Betts, Mingyuan Wu, Christopher E. Aston, Timothy J. Lyons: Blueberries Decrease Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obese Men and Women with Metabolic Syndrome; J Nutr. 2010 Sep; 140(9): 1582–1587.; Published online 2010 Jul 21.; doi: 10.3945/jn.110.124701; PMCID: PMC2924596
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104. Rodriguez-Mateos A, Rendeiro C, Bergillos-Meca T, Tabatabaee S, George TW, Heiss C, Spencer JP.: Intake and time dependence of blueberry flavonoid-induced improvements in vascular function: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover intervention study with mechanistic insights into biological activity.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Nov;98(5):1179-91. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.066639. Epub 2013 Sep 4.; PMID: 24004888
105. April J. Stull, Katherine C. Cash, Catherine M. Champagne, Alok K. Gupta, Raymond Boston, Robbie A. Beyl, William D. Johnson, William T. Cefalu: Blueberries Improve Endothelial Function, but Not Blood Pressure, in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial; Nutrients. 2015 Jun; 7(6): 4107–4123.; Published online 2015 May 27.; doi: 10.3390/nu7064107; PMCID: PMC4488775
106. April J. Stull, Katherine C. Cash, Catherine M. Champagne, Alok K. Gupta, Raymond Boston, Robbie A. Beyl, William D. Johnson, William T. Cefalu: Blueberries Improve Endothelial Function, but Not Blood Pressure, in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial; Nutrients. 2015 Jun; 7(6): 4107–4123.; Published online 2015 May 27.; doi: 10.3390/nu7064107; PMCID: PMC4488775
107. Zhu Y, Sun J, Lu W, Wang X, Wang X, Han Z, Qiu C.: Effects of blueberry supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.; J Hum Hypertens. 2016 Sep 22. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2016.70; PMID: 27654329
108. McAnulty LS, Nieman DC, Dumke CL, Shooter LA, Henson DA, Utter AC, Milne G, McAnulty SR. : Effect of blueberry ingestion on natural killer cell counts, oxidative stress, and inflammation prior to and after 2.5 h of running.; Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2011 Dec;36(6):976-84.; doi: 10.1139/h11-120. Epub 2011 Nov 23.; PMID: 22111516
109. Lisa S. McAnulty, Scott R. Collier, Michael J. Landram, D. Stanton Whittaker, Sydeena E. Isaacs, Jason M. Klemka, Sarah L. Cheek, Jennifer C. Arms, Steven R. McAnulty: Six weeks daily ingestion of whole blueberry powder increases natural killer cell counts and reduces arterial stiffness in sedentary males and females; Nutrition Research July 2014 Volume 34, Issue 7, Pages 577–584; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2014.07.002
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112. Silva S, Costa EM, Mendes M, Morais RM, Calhau C, Pintado MM.: Antimicrobial, antiadhesive and antibiofilm activity of an ethanolic anthocyanin-rich blueberry extract purified by solid-phase extraction.; J Appl Microbiol. 2016 Jun 28.; doi: 10.1111/jam.13215. [Epub ahead of print]; PMID: 27349348
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117. Rodriguez-Mateos A, Del Pino-García R, George TW, Vidal-Diez A, Heiss C, Spencer JP.: Impact of processing on the bioavailability and vascular effects of blueberry (poly)phenols.; Mol Nutr Food Res. 2014 Oct;58(10):1952-61.; doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201400231. Epub 2014 Aug 22.; PMID: 25044909
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Building Muscles With A Vegan Diet

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4. Dylan T. Dahlquist, Brad P. Dieter, Michael S. Koehle: Review, Plausible ergogenic effects of vitamin D on athletic performance and recovery; Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2015 12:33; DOI: 10.1186/s12970-015-0093-8; Published: August 19, 2015
5. Daniel J. Owens, Adam P Sharples, Ioanna Polydorou, Nura Alwan, Timothy F Donovan, Jonathan Tang, Robert G Cooper, William D. Fraser, James P. Morton, Claire Stewart, Graeme L. Close: A Systems Based Investigation into Vitamin D and Skeletal Muscle Repair, Regeneration and Hypertrophy; American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism; Published October 27, 2015 Vol. no.; DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00375.2015
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10. Kashi Z, Saeedian Fs, Akha O, Gorgi Ma, Emadi Sf, Zakeri H.: Vitamin D deficiency prevalence in summer compared to winter in a city with high humidity and a sultry climate.; Endokrynol Pol. 2011;62(3):249-51.; PMID: 21717408
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13. Moore DR, Robinson MJ, Fry JL, Tang JE, Glover EI, Wilkinson SB, Prior T, Tarnopolsky MA, Phillips SM.: Ingested protein dose response of muscle and albumin protein synthesis after resistance exercise in young men.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Jan;89(1):161-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26401. Epub 2008 Dec 3.; PMID: 19056590
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Calcium Daily Requirement

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Calcium Deficiency - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

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Calcium For Bones And Teeth / Improve Absorption

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Canihua / Kaniwa - The New Quinoa?

1. Ad Hoc Panel of the Advisory Committee on Technology Innovation; Board on Science and Technology for International Development; Policy and Global Affairs; National Research Council: Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation (1989); Chapter: Kaniwa
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12. Ad Hoc Panel of the Advisory Committee on Technology Innovation; Board on Science and Technology for International Development; Policy and Global Affairs; National Research Council: Lost Crops of the Incas: Little-Known Plants of the Andes with Promise for Worldwide Cultivation (1989); Chapter: Kaniwa
13. Luca Rastrelli, Francesco De Simone, Oreste Schettino, Antonio Dini: Constituents of Chenopodium pallidicaule (Cañihua) Seeds: Isolation and Characterization of New Triterpene Saponins; J. Agric. Food Chem., 1996, 44 (11), pp 3528–3533; DOI: 10.1021/jf950253p; Publication Date (Web): November 14, 1996

Carbohydrate Foods

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Carbohydrates - Energy Supply For The Body

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Chia Seeds - Power Packs For Your Health

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Coconut - Tropical Fruit For Energy And Mental Health

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4. Dua K, Sheshala R, Ling TY, Hui Ling S, Gorajana A.: Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic potential of cocos nucifera linn.: a review.; Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2013;12(2):158-64.; PMID: 23286236
5. Rajesh Arora, R. Chawla, Rohit Marwah, P. Arora, R. K. Sharma, Vinod Kaushik, R. Goel, A. Kaur, M. Silambarasan, R. P. Tripathi, J. R. Bhardwaj: Potential of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Preventive Management of Novel H1N1 Flu (Swine Flu) Pandemic: Thwarting Potential Disasters in the Bud; Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011; 2011: 586506.; Published online 2010 Oct 13. doi: 10.1155/2011/586506; PMCID: PMC2957173
6. Sheshala R, Ying LT, Hui LS, Barua A, Dua K.: Development and anti-microbial potential of topical formulations containing Cocos nucifera Linn.; Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2013;12(3):253-64.; PMID: 23746224
7. Alanís AD, Calzada F, Cervantes JA, Torres J, Ceballos GM.: Antibacterial properties of some plants used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.; J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Aug 22;100(1-2):153-7.; PMID:16005589
8. Calzada F, Yépez-Mulia L, Tapia-Contreras A.: Effect of Mexican medicinal plant used to treat trichomoniasis on Trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites.; J Ethnopharmacol. 2007 Sep 5;113(2):248-51. Epub 2007 Jun 7.; PMID: 17628366
9. May BH, Feng M, Zhou IW, Chang SY, Lu SC, Zhang AL, Guo XF, Lu CJ, Xue CC1,.: Memory Impairment, Dementia, and Alzheimer's Disease in Classical and Contemporary Traditional Chinese Medicine.; Jay RJ Altern Complement Med. 2016 Jul 27. [Epub ahead of print]; PMID: 27464225
10. Fernando WM, Martins IJ, Goozee KG, Brennan CS, Jayasena V, Martins RN.: The role of dietary coconut for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease: potential mechanisms of action.; Br J Nutr. 2015 Jul 14;114(1):1-14. doi: 10.1017/S0007114515001452. Epub 2015 May 22.; PMID: 25997382

Coconut Oil - Healthy for Skin, Hair, and Teeth

1. S. Sudheendran, C. C. Chang, R.J. Deckelbaum: N-3 vs. Saturated fatty acids: Effects on the arterial wall; Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 Apr 1.; Published in final edited form as: Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2010 Apr–Jun; 82(4-6): 205–209.; Published online 2010 Mar 6.; doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2010.02.020; PMCID: PMC2878127; NIHMSID: NIHMS186924
2. Patty W Siri-Tarino, Qi Sun, Frank B Hu, Ronald M Krauss: Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies evaluating the association of saturated fat with cardiovascular disease; Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Mar; 91(3): 535–546.; Published online 2010 Jan 13. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27725; PMCID: PMC2824152
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4. BMJ 2015; 351 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h3978 (Published 12 August 2015) Cite this as: BMJ 2015;351:h3978
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6. Ailya Inayat, Shoukat Ali Baig, Tooba Baqai: Does coconut oil reduce the risk of coronary artery diseases?; LETTER TO THE EDITOR Vol. 63, No. 6, June 2013
7. Rajesh Arora, R. Chawla, Rohit Marwah, P. Arora, R. K. Sharma, Vinod Kaushik, R. Goel, A. Kaur, M. Silambarasan, R. P. Tripathi, J. R. Bhardwaj: Potential of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Preventive Management of Novel H1N1 Flu (Swine Flu) Pandemic: Thwarting Potential Disasters in the Bud; Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2011; 2011: 586506.; Published online 2010 Oct 13. doi: 10.1155/2011/586506; PMCID: PMC2957173
8. Dalia Seleem, Emily Chen, Bruna Benso, Vanessa Pardi, Ramiro M. Murata: In vitro evaluation of antifungal activity of monolaurin against Candida albicans biofilms; PeerJ. 2016; 4: e2148.; Published online 2016 Jun 22.; doi: 10.7717/peerj.2148; PMCID: PMC4924139
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10. Carol L. Fischer, David R. Drake, Deborah V. Dawson, Derek R. Blanchette, Kim A. Brogden, Philip W. Wertza: Antibacterial Activity of Sphingoid Bases and Fatty Acids against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria; Accepted manuscript posted online 12 December 2011, doi: 10.1128/AAC.05151-11; Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. March 2012 vol. 56 no. 3 1157-1161
11. Ogbolu DO, Oni AA, Daini OA, Oloko AP.: In vitro antimicrobial properties of coconut oil on Candida species in Ibadan, Nigeria.; J Med Food. 2007 Jun;10(2):384-7.; PMID: 17651080
12. Beena Shino, Faizal C. Peedikayil, Shyamala R. Jaiprakash, Gufran Ahmed Bijapur, Soni Kottayi, Deepak Jose: Comparison of Antimicrobial Activity of Chlorhexidine, Coconut Oil, Probiotics, and Ketoconazole on Candida albicans Isolated in Children with Early Childhood Caries: An In Vitro Study; Scientifica (Cairo). 2016; 2016: 7061587.; Published online 2016 Mar 14. doi: 10.1155/2016/7061587; PMCID: PMC4808662
13. Sachs M, von Eichel J, Asskali F.: [Wound management with coconut oil in Indonesian folk medicine].; Chirurg. 2002 Apr;73(4):387-92.; PMID: 12063927
14. Marina AM, Man YB, Nazimah SA, Amin I.: Antioxidant capacity and phenolic acids of virgin coconut oil.; Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2009;60 Suppl 2:114-23. doi: 10.1080/09637480802549127. Epub 2008 Dec 27.; PMID: 19115123
15. Kapila N. Seneviratne, Dissanayake M. Sudarshana Dissanayake: Variation of phenolic content in coconut oil extracted by two conventional methods; International Journal of Food Science & Technology; Volume 43, Issue 4, pages 597–602, April 2008; Article first published online: 7 MAR 2008; DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2006.01493.x
16. Kai Ming Liau, eong Yeh Lee, Chee Keong Chen, Aida Hanum G. Rasool: An Open-Label Pilot Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Virgin Coconut Oil in Reducing Visceral Adiposity; ISRN Pharmacol. 2011; 2011: 949686.; Published online 2011 Mar 15. doi: 10.5402/2011/949686; PMCID: PMC3226242
17. Assunção ML, Ferreira HS, dos Santos AF, Cabral CR Jr, Florêncio TM.: Effects of dietary coconut oil on the biochemical and anthropometric profiles of women presenting abdominal obesity.; Lipids. 2009 Jul;44(7):593-601. doi: 10.1007/s11745-009-3306-6. Epub 2009 May 13.; PMID: 19437058
18. Cardoso DA, Moreira AS, De Oliveira GM, Raggio Luiz R, Rosa G.: A COCONUT EXTRA VIRGIN OIL-RICH DIET INCREASES HDL CHOLESTEROL AND DECREASES WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE AND BODY MASS IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS.; Nutr Hosp. 2015 Nov 1;32(n05):2144-2152.; PMID: 26545671
19. Laurence Eyres, Michael F. Eyres, Alexandra Chisholm, Rachel C. Brown: Coconut oil consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in humans; Nutrition Reviews Volume 74, Issue 4, 1 April 2016; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuw002 267-280 First published online: 5 March 2016
20. R. A. I. Ekanayaka, N. K. Ekanayaka, B. Perera, P. G. S. M. De Silva: Impact of a Traditional Dietary Supplement with Coconut Milk and Soya Milk on the Lipid Profile in Normal Free Living Subjects; J Nutr Metab. 2013; 2013: 481068.; Published online 2013 Oct 24. doi: 10.1155/2013/481068; PMCID: PMC3824402
21. Alan B. Feranil, Paulita L. Duazo, Christopher W. Kuzawa, Linda S. Adair: Coconut oil predicts a beneficial lipid profile in pre-menopausal women in the Philippines; Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 Jan 1.; Published in final edited form as: Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2011; 20(2): 190–195.; PMCID: PMC3146349; NIHMSID: NIHMS308705
22. Law KS, Azman N, Omar EA, Musa MY, Yusoff NM, Sulaiman SA, Hussain NH.: The effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) as supplementation on quality of life (QOL) among breast cancer patients.; Lipids Health Dis. 2014 Aug 27;13:139. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-13-139.; PMID: 25163649
23. Hu Yang I, De la Rubia Ortí JE, Selvi Sabater P, Sancho Castillo S, Rochina MJ, Manresa Ramón N, Montoya-Castilla I.: COCONUT OIL: NON-ALTERNATIVE DRUG TREATMENT AGAINST ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE.; Nutr Hosp. 2015 Dec 1;32(6):2822-7. doi: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.6.9707.; PMID: 26667739
24. Burnett CL, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Klaassen CD, Marks JG Jr, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Andersen FA.: Final report on the safety assessment of Cocos nucifera (coconut) oil and related ingredients.; Int J Toxicol. 2011 May;30(3 Suppl):5S-16S. doi: 10.1177/1091581811400636.; PMID: 21772024
25. Asokan S, Emmadi P, Chamundeswari R.: Effect of oil pulling on plaque induced gingivitis: a randomized, controlled, triple-blind study.; Indian J Dent Res. 2009 Jan-Mar;20(1):47-51.; PMID: 19336860
26. Peedikayil FC, Sreenivasan P, Narayanan A.: Effect of coconut oil in plaque-related gingivitis - A preliminary report.; Niger Med J. 2015 Mar-Apr;56(2):143-7. doi: 10.4103/0300-1652.153406.; PMID: 25838632
27. Kaushik M, Reddy P, Sharma R, Udameshi P, Mehra N, Marwaha A.: The Effect of Coconut Oil pulling on Streptococcus mutans Count in Saliva in Comparison with Chlorhexidine Mouthwash.; J Contemp Dent Pract. 2016 Jan 1;17(1):38-41.; PMID: 27084861
28. Agero AL, Verallo-Rowell VM.: A randomized double-blind controlled trial comparing extra virgin coconut oil with mineral oil as a moisturizer for mild to moderate xerosis.; Dermatitis. 2004 Sep;15(3):109-16.; PMID: 15724344
29. Verallo-Rowell VM, Dillague KM, Syah-Tjundawan BS.: Novel antibacterial and emollient effects of coconut and virgin olive oils in adult atopic dermatitis.; Dermatitis. 2008 Nov-Dec;19(6):308-15.; PMID: 19134433
30. Mara Therese Padilla Evangelista MD, Flordeliz Abad-Casintahan MD, Lillian Lopez-Villafuerte MD: The effect of topical virgin coconut oil on SCORAD index, transepidermal water loss, and skin capacitance in mild to moderate pediatric atopic dermatitis: a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial; International Journal of Dermatology; Volume 53, Issue 1, pages 100–108, January 2014; Article first published online: 10 DEC 2013; DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12339
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32. Gause S, Chauhan A.: UV blocking potential of oils and juices.; Int J Cosmet Sci. 2015 Nov 27. doi: 10.1111/ics.12296.; PMID: 26610885
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35. Kapila N. Seneviratne, Dissanayake M. Sudarshana Dissanayake: Variation of phenolic content in coconut oil extracted by two conventional methods; International Journal of Food Science & Technology; Volume 43, Issue 4, pages 597–602, April 2008; Article first published online: 7 MAR 2008; DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2006.01493.x

Coconut Water - Sports Drink with Anti-Aging Benefit?

1. Kalman DS, Feldman S, Krieger DR, Bloomer RJ.: Comparison of coconut water and a carbohydrate-electrolyte sport drink on measures of hydration and physical performance in exercise-trained men.; J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Jan 18;9(1):1. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-9-1.; PMID: 22257640
2. Saat M, Singh R, Sirisinghe RG, Nawawi M.: Rehydration after exercise with fresh young coconut water, carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage and plain water.; J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci. 2002 Mar;21(2):93-104.; PMID: 12056182
3. Beelen M, Cermak NM, van Loon LJ.: [Performance enhancement by carbohydrate intake during sport: effects of carbohydrates during and after high-intensity exercise].[Article in Dutch]; Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2015;159:A7465.; PMID: 25970669
4. American Chemical Society: Coconut water is an excellent sports drink ― for light exercise; accessed on 16.11.2015
5. Georg A. Petroianu, Melita Kosanovic, Ibrahim Saad Shehatta, Bahaa Mahgoub, Ayman Saleh, Wolfgang H. Maleck: Green coconut water for intravenous use: Trace and minor element content; The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine; Volume 17, Issue 4, pages 273–282, 2004; Article first published online: September 30, 2004; DOI: 10.1002/jtra.20010
6. Darilyn Campbell-Falck, MD; Tamara Thomas, MD; Troy M Falck, MD; Narco Tutuo, MD; Kathleen Clem, MD: The intravenous use of coconut water; The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, Volume 18, Issue 1, Pages 108-111; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0735-6757(00)90062-7
7. C. M. Y. Mooi, S. P. Koh, K. Long: Simultaneous detection and quantification of zeatin and kinetin in coconut water using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a simple step solid-phase extraction; Journal of Analytical Chemistry; July 2015, Volume 70, Issue 7, pp 819-824; First online: June 23, 2015
8. Jean W. H. Yong, Liya Ge, Yan Fei Ng, Swee Ngin Tan: The Chemical Composition and Biological Properties of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Water; Molecules 2009, 14(12), 5144-5164; doi:10.3390/molecules14125144; Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University; Received: 3 November 2009 / Revised: 3 December 2009 / Accepted: 8 December 2009 / Published: 9 December 2009
9. Prabhu S, Dennison SR, Mura M, Lea RW, Snape TJ, Harris F.: Cn-AMP2 from green coconut water is an anionic anticancer peptide.; J Pept Sci. 2014 Dec;20(12):909-15. doi: 10.1002/psc.2684. Epub 2014 Sep 19.; PMID: 25234689
10. T Alleyne; S Roache; C Thomas; A Shirley: The control of hypertension by use of coconut water and mauby: two tropical food drinks; West Indian Medical Journal; Print version ISSN 0043-3144; West Indian med. j. vol.54 no.1 Mona Jan. 2005; http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0043-31442005000100002
11. Mantena SK, Jagadish, Badduri SR, Siripurapu KB, Unnikrishnan MK.: In vitro evaluation of antioxidant properties of Cocos nucifera Linn. water.; Nahrung. 2003 Apr;47(2):126-31.; PMID: 12744292
12. Krishnendu Mannaa, Amitava Khana, Dipesh Kr. Dasa, Swaraj Bandhu Kesha, Ujjal Dasa, Sayan Ghosha, Rakhi Sharma Deyb, Krishna Das Sahac, Anindita Chakrabortyd, Sreya Chattopadhyaya, Sanjit Deya, Debprasad Chattopadhyaye: Protective effect of coconut water concentrate and its active component shikimic acid against hydroperoxide mediated oxidative stress through suppression of NF-κB and activation of Nrf2 pathway; Journal of Ethnopharmacology Volume 155, Issue 1, 8 August 2014, Pages 132–146; doi:10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.046
13. JOãO L.A. SANTOS, VANDERSON S. BISPO, ADRIANO B.C. FILHO, ISABELLA F.D. PINTO, LUCAS S. DANTAS, DAIANE F. VASCONCELOS, FABíULA F. ABREU, DANILO A. MELO, ISAAC A. MATOS, FLORêNCIO P. FREITAS, OSMAR F. GOMES, MARISA H.G. MEDEIROS, HUMBERTO R. MATOS: Evaluation of Chemical Constituents and Antioxidant Activity of Coconut Water (Cocus nucifera L.) and Caffeic Acid in Cell Culture; Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências; Print version ISSN 0001-3765; An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc. vol.85 no.4 Rio de Janeiro 2013 Epub Sep 27, 2013; http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-37652013105312
14. Justin Hakimian, MD, Seth H. Goldbarg, MD, Chong H. Park, MD, and Todd C. Kerwin, MD: Death by Coconut; Images and Case Reports in Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology; Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology.; 2014; 7: 180-181; doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000941
15. O. P. Chauhan, B. S. Archana, Asha Singh, P. S. Raju, A. S. Bawa: A refreshing beverage from mature coconut water blended with lemon juice; Journal of Food Science and Technology; November 2014, Volume 51, Issue 11, pp 3355-3361; First online: 05 September 2012
16. Flávera Camargo Pradoa, Juliano De Dea Lindnerb, Juliana Inabac, Vanete Thomaz-Soccola, Satinder Kaur Brard, Carlos Ricardo Soccola: Development and evaluation of a fermented coconut water beverage with potential health benefits; Journal of Functional Foods; Volume 12, January 2015, Pages 489–497

Combining proteins? Is it useful?

1. V R Young, P L Pellett: Plant proteins in relation to human protein and amino acid nutrition.; Am J Clin Nutr May 1994; vol. 59 no. 5 1203S-1212S
2. John McDougall, MD: Plant Foods Have a Complete Amino Acid Composition; Circulation.; 2002; 105: e197; doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000018905.97677.1F
3. Prof. Dr. Mohammad Ibrahim Selim: Amino acids pool

Complete Proteins

1. V R Young, P L Pellett: Plant proteins in relation to human protein and amino acid nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr May 1994 vol. 59 no. 5 1203S-1212S
2. Reed Mangels, PhD, RD: Protein in the Vegan Diet; From Simply Vegan 5th Edition; retrieved on 26.10.2015
3. Jordan M Joy, Ryan P Lowery, Jacob M Wilson, Martin Purpura, Eduardo O De Souza, Stephanie MC Wilson, Douglas S Kalman, Joshua E Dudeck, Ralf Jäger: The effects of 8 weeks of whey or rice protein supplementation on body composition and exercise performance; Nutr J. 2013; 12: 86.; Published online 2013 Jun 20.; doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-86; PMCID: PMC3698202
4. John McDougall, MD: Plant Foods Have a Complete Amino Acid Composition; Correspondence; Circulation. 2002; 105: e197; doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000018905.97677.1F
5. Prof. Mohammad Ibrahim Selim: Amino acids pool

Daily Fat Intake

1. National Academy of Sciences: Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids; accessed on 09.11.2015
2. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion: Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2005: Chapter 6 Fats; accessed on 09.11.2015
3. Eric R Helms, Alan A Aragon, Peter J Fitschen: Evidence-based recommendations for natural bodybuilding contest preparation: nutrition and supplementation; Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2014, Helms et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.; 11:20; doi:10.1186/1550-2783-11-20
4. Javier Aranceta, Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo: Recommended dietary reference intakes, nutritional goals and dietary guidelines for fat and fatty acids: a systematic review; British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 107 / Supplement S2 / June 2012, pp S8-S22; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114512001444 (About DOI), Published online: May 2012
5. EUFIC, the European Information Centre for Food: EUFIC REVIEW 02/2015: Facts on Fats - Dietary Fats and Health; accessed on November 9, 2015
6. Javier Aranceta, Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo: Recommended dietary reference intakes, nutritional goals and dietary guidelines for fat and fatty acids: a systematic review; British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 107 / Supplement S2 / June 2012, pp S8-S22; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114512001444 (About DOI), Published online: May 2012

Daily Folate Requirement

1. Folate Fact Sheet for Consumers
2. Swiss Society for Nutrition SGE: DACH Reference Values; accessed on 10/05/2016
3. http://www.sge-ssn.ch/grundlagen/lebensmittel-und-naehrstoffe/naehrstoffempfehlungen/dachreferenzwerte/
4. Kathleen Woolf, Melinda M. Manore: B-Vitamins and Exercise: Does Exercise Alter Requirements?; International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 2006, 16, 453-484
5. Gilsing AM, Crowe FL, Lloyd-Wright Z, Sanders TA, Appleby PN, Allen NE, Key TJ.: Serum concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate in British male omnivores, vegetarians and vegans: results from a cross-sectional analysis of the EPIC-Oxford cohort study.; Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Sep;64(9):933-9. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2010.142. Epub 2010 Jul 21.; PMID: 20648045
6. Majchrzak D, Singer I, Männer M, Rust P, Genser D, Wagner KH, Elmadfa I.: B-vitamin status and concentrations of homocysteine in Austrian omnivores, vegetarians and vegans.; Ann Nutr Metab. 2006;50(6):485-91. Epub 2006 Sep 19.; PMID: 16988496
7. Davey GK, Spencer EA, Appleby PN, Allen NE, Knox KH, Key TJ.: EPIC-Oxford: lifestyle characteristics and nutrient intakes in a cohort of 33,883 meat-eaters and 31,546 non-meat-eaters in the UK.; Public Health Nutr. 2003 May;6(3):259-69.; PMID: 12740075
8. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 Oct 30.; doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270

Daily Iodine Requirement

1. Iodine Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
2. Elorinne AL, Alfthan G, Erlund I, Kivimäki H, Paju A, Salminen I, Turpeinen U, Voutilainen S, Laakso J.: Food and Nutrient Intake and Nutritional Status of Finnish Vegans and Non-Vegetarians.; PLoS One. 2016 Feb 3;11(2):e0148235.; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148235. eCollection 2016.; PMID: 26840251
3. Lightowler HJ, Davies GJ.: Assessment of iodine intake in vegans: weighed dietary record vs duplicate portion technique.; Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002 Aug;56(8):765-70.; PMID: 12122553
4. Krajcovicová-Kudlácková M, Bucková K, Klimes I, Seboková E.: Iodine deficiency in vegetarians and vegans.; Ann Nutr Metab. 2003;47(5):183-5.; PMID: 12748410
5. Smyth PP, Duntas LH.: Iodine uptake and loss-can frequent strenuous exercise induce iodine deficiency?; Horm Metab Res. 2005 Sep;37(9):555-8.; PMID: 16175493
6. Mao IF, Chen ML, Ko YC.: Electrolyte loss in sweat and iodine deficiency in a hot environment.; Arch Environ Health. 2001 May-Jun;56(3):271-7.; PMID: 11480505

Daily Magnesium Requirement

1. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 Oct 30. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270
2. Davey GK, Spencer EA, Appleby PN, Allen NE, Knox KH, Key TJ.: EPIC-Oxford: lifestyle characteristics and nutrient intakes in a cohort of 33,883 meat-eaters and 31,546 non-meat-eaters in the UK.; Public Health Nutr. 2003 May;6(3):259-69.; PMID: 12740075
3. Musso CG.: Magnesium metabolism in health and disease.; Int Urol Nephrol. 2009;41(2):357-62. doi: 10.1007/s11255-009-9548-7. Epub 2009 Mar 10.; PMID: 19274487
4. K D Fine, C A Santa Ana, J L Porter, J S Fordtran: Intestinal absorption of magnesium from food and supplements.; J Clin Invest. 1991 Aug; 88(2): 396–402.; doi: 10.1172/JCI115317; PMCID: PMC295344
5. NIH - Magnesium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
6. Helmut Geiger, Christoph Wanner: Magnesium in disease; Clin Kidney J (2012) 5 (Suppl 1): i25-i38; doi:10.1093/ndtplus/sfr165
7. Nielsen FH, Lukaski HC.: Update on the relationship between magnesium and exercise.; Magnes Res. 2006 Sep;19(3):180-9.; PMID: 17172008
8. Matias CN, Santos DA, Monteiro CP, Silva AM, Raposo Mde F, Martins F, Sardinha LB, Bicho M, Laires MJ.: Magnesium and strength in elite judo athletes according to intracellular water changes.; Magnes Res. 2010 Sep;23(3):138-41. doi: 10.1684/mrh.2010.0217. Epub 2010 Sep 22.; PMID: 20860960
9. Nielsen FH, Lukaski HC.: Update on the relationship between magnesium and exercise.; Magnes Res. 2006 Sep;19(3):180-9.; PMID: 17172008
10. Seelig MS.: Consequences of magnesium deficiency on the enhancement of stress reactions; preventive and therapeutic implications (a review).; J Am Coll Nutr. 1994 Oct;13(5):429-46.; PMID: 7836621

Daily Manganese Requirement

1. Haddad EH, Berk LS, Kettering JD, Hubbard RW, Peters WR.: Dietary intake and biochemical, hematologic, and immune status of vegans compared with nonvegetarians.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Sep;70(3 Suppl):586S-593S.; PMID: 10479236
2. Manganese Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
3. Cohn JR, Emmett EA.: The excretion of trace metals in human sweat.; Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1978 Jul-Aug;8(4):270-5.; PMID: 686643
4. Rusin VIa, Nasolodin VV, Vorob'ev VA.: Analysis of the copper and manganese body allowances of athletes.; Vopr Pitan. 1979 Jul-Aug;(4):67-73.; PMID: 158259

Daily Potassium Requirement

1. Susan A. Lanham-New, Helen Lambert: Potassium; Adv Nutr November 2012 Adv Nutr vol. 3: 820-821, 2012; doi: 10.3945/an.112.003012
2. Ströhle A, Waldmann A, Koschizke J, Leitzmann C, Hahn A.: Diet-dependent net endogenous acid load of vegan diets in relation to food groups and bone health-related nutrients: results from the German Vegan Study.; Ann Nutr Metab. 2011;59(2-4):117-26. doi: 10.1159/000331572. Epub 2011 Dec 2.; PMID: 22142775
3. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, and Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 Oct 30. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270
4. Christel L Larsson, Gunnar K Johansson: Dietary intake and nutritional status of young vegans and omnivores in Sweden; Am J Clin Nutr July 2002 vol. 76 no. 1 100-106
5. Potassium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
6. Brotherhood JR.: Nutrition and sports performance.; Sports Med. 1984 Sep-Oct;1(5):350-89.; PMID: 6390609
7. Shirreffs SM, Aragon-Vargas LF, Chamorro M, Maughan RJ, Serratosa L, Zachwieja JJ.: The sweating response of elite professional soccer players to training in the heat.; Int J Sports Med. 2005 Mar;26(2):90-5.; PMID: 15726482

Daily Selenium Requirement

1. Selenium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
2. Bruce A.: Swedish views on selenium.; Ann Clin Res. 1986;18(1):8-12.; PMID: 3717875
3. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 October 30. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270

Daily Sodium Requirement

1. Alderman MH, Cohen HW.: Dietary sodium intake and cardiovascular mortality: controversy resolved?; Am J Hypertens. 2012 Jul;25(7):727-34. doi: 10.1038/ajh.2012.52. Epub 2012 May 25.; PMID: 22627176
2. The American Heart Association: Shaking the Salt Habit; accessed on 01/29/2016
3. Cook NR, Appel LJ, Whelton PK: Lower levels of sodium intake and reduced cardiovascular risk.; Circulation. 2014 Mar 4;129(9):981-9. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006032. Epub 2014 Jan 10.; PMID: 24415713
4. DGE Schätzwerte für eine angemessene Natriumzufuhr
5. Colorado State University Extension, L. Bellows and R. Moore: Sodium and the Diet – 9.354; accessed on January 29, 2016
6. National Health and Medical Research Council: Sodium; accessed on January 29, 2016
7. Elizabeth L. Earhart, Edward P. Weiss, Rabia Rahman, Patrick V. Kelly: Effects of Oral Sodium Supplementation on Indices of Thermoregulation in Trained, Endurance Athletes; J Sports Sci Med. 2015 Mar; 14(1): 172–178.; Published online 2015 Jan 27.; PMCID: PMC4306770

Daily Vitamin A Requirement

1. Tilman Grune, Georg Lietz, Andreu Palou, A. Catharine Ross, Wilhelm Stahl, Guangweng Tang, David Thurnham, Shi-an Yin, Hans K. Biesalski: β-Carotene Is an Important Vitamin A Source for Humans; J Nutr. 2010 Dec; 140(12): 2268S–2285S.; Published online 2010 Oct 27.; doi: 10.3945/jn.109.119024; PMCID: PMC3139236
2. Vitamin A and Carotenoids Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
3. Colorado State University Extension, L. Bellows and R. Moore: Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K – 9,315; accessed on July 11, 2016
4. Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2001. 4, Vitamin A.

Daily Vitamin B2 Requirement

1. Riboflavin Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
2. D. Strohma, A. Bechtholda, N. Isika, E. Leschik-Bonneta, H. Hesekerb, German Nutrition Society (DGE): Revised reference values for the intake of thiamin (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), and niacin; NFS Journal Volume 3, August 2016, Pages 20–24; doi:10.1016/j.nfs.2016.02.003
3. Institute of Medicine (US) Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes and its Panel on Folate, Other B Vitamins, and Choline. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1998.
4. A Z Belko, E Obarzanek, H J Kalkwarf, M A Rotter, S Bogusz, D Miller, J D Haas, D A Roe: Effects of exercise on riboflavin requirements of young women.; Am J Clin Nutr April 1983 vol. 37 no. 4 509-517
5. Woolf K, Manore MM.: B-vitamins and exercise: does exercise alter requirements?; Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2006 Oct;16(5):453-84.; PMID: 17240780
6. Melinda M Manore: Effect of physical activity on thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 requirements; Am J Clin Nutr August 2000 vol. 72 no. 2 598s-606s
7. Kathleen Woolf, Melinda M.: Manore B-Vitamins and Exercise: Does Exercise Alter Requirements?; International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 2006, 16, 453-484
8. A Waldmann, J W Koschizke, C Leitzmann, A Hahn: Dietary intakes and lifestyle factors of a vegan population in Germany: results from the German Vegan Study; European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2003) 57, 947–955. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601629
9. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 Oct 30. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270
10. Larsson CL, Johansson GK.: Dietary intake and nutritional status of young vegans and omnivores in Sweden.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Jul;76(1):100-6.; PMID: 12081822
11. Majchrzak D, Singer I, Männer M, Rust P, Genser D, Wagner KH, Elmadfa I.: B-vitamin status and concentrations of homocysteine in Austrian omnivores, vegetarians and vegans.; Ann Nutr Metab. 2006;50(6):485-91. Epub 2006 Sep 19.; PMID: 16988496
12. A Waldmann, J W Koschizke, C Leitzmann, A Hahn: Dietary intakes and lifestyle factors of a vegan population in Germany: results from the German Vegan Study; European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2003) 57, 947–955. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601629

Daily Vitamin B6 Requirement

1. Vitamin B6 Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
2. Melinda M Manore: Effect of physical activity on thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 requirements; Am J Clin Nutr August 2000 vol. 72 no. 2 598s-606s
3. Melvin H Williams: Dietary Supplements and Sports Performance: Introduction and Vitamins; J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2004; 1(2): 1–6.; Published online 2004 Dec 31.; doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-1-2-1; PMCID: PMC2129136
4. Woolf K, Manore MM.: B-vitamins and exercise: does exercise alter requirements?; Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2006 Oct;16(5):453-84.; PMID: 17240780
5. Rokitzki L, Sagredos AN, Reuss F, Büchner M, Keul J.: Acute changes in vitamin B6 status in endurance athletes before and after a marathon.; Int J Sport Nutr. 1994 Jun;4(2):154-65.; PMID: 8054960
6. Melinda M Manore: Effect of physical activity on thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 requirements; Am J Clin Nutr August 2000 vol. 72 no. 2 598s-606s
7. Melinda M Manore: Effect of physical activity on thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 requirements; Am J Clin Nutr August 2000 vol. 72 no. 2 598s-606s
8. Woolf K, Manore MM.: B-vitamins and exercise: does exercise alter requirements?; Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2006 Oct;16(5):453-84.; PMID: 17240780
9. Melinda M Manore: Effect of physical activity on thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 requirements; Am J Clin Nutr August 2000 vol. 72 no. 2 598s-606s
10. EFSA NDA Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies), 2016. Scientific opinion on Dietary Reference Values for vitamin B6. EFSA Journal 2016;14(6):4485, 79 pp. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4485
11. Institute of Medicine (US) Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes and its Panel on Folate, Other B Vitamins, and Choline. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1998. 7, Vitamin B6.
12. Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and the New Zealand Ministry of Health (MoH); National Health and Medical Research Council: Vitamin B6; accessed on 09/05/2016

Daily Vitamin C Requirement

1. Vitamin C Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
2. Balz Frei, Ines Birlouez-Aragon & Jens Lykkesfeldt: Authors' Perspective: What is the Optimum Intake of Vitamin C in Humans?; Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition Volume 52, Issue 9, 2012; pages 815-829; Published online: June 14, 2012; DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.649149
3. Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University: Vitamin C; accessed on May 20, 2016
4. K Akhilender Naidu: Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery? An overview; Nutrition Journal 2003 2:7; DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-2-7
5. Peake JM.: Vitamin C: effects of exercise and requirements with training.; Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2003 Jun;13(2):125-51.; PMID: 12945825
6. Braakhuis AJ.: Effect of vitamin C supplements on physical performance.; Curr Sports Med Rep. 2012 Jul-Aug;11(4):180-4. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31825e19cd.; PMID: 22777327
7. Cainara Lins Draeger, Andréia Naves, Natália Marques, Ana Beatriz Baptistella, Renata Alves Carnauba, Valéria Paschoal and Humberto Nicastro: Controversies of antioxidant vitamins supplementation in exercise: ergogenic or ergolytic effects in humans?; Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2014 11:4; DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-11-4; Published: February 19, 2014
8. Maryam Taghiyar, Reza Ghiasvand, Gholamreza Askari, Awat Feizi, Mitra Hariri, Nafiseh Shokri Mashhadi, Leila Darvishi: The Effect of Vitamins C and E Supplementation on Muscle Damage, Performance, and Body Composition in Athlete Women: A Clinical Trial; Int J Prev Med. 2013 Apr; 4(Suppl 1): S24–S30.; PMCID: PMC3665021
9. Nikolaidis MG, Kerksick CM, Lamprecht M, McAnulty SR.: Does vitamin C and E supplementation impair the favorable adaptations of regular exercise?; Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2012;2012:707941.; doi: 10.1155/2012/707941. Epub August 13, 2012.; PMID: 22928084

Daily Vitamin E Requirement

1. Davey GK, Spencer EA, Appleby PN, Allen NE, Knox KH, Key TJ.: EPIC-Oxford: lifestyle characteristics and nutrient intakes in a cohort of 33,883 meat-eaters and 31,546 non-meat-eaters in the UK.; Public Health Nutr. 2003 May; 6(3):259-69.; DOI: 10.1079/PHN2002430
2. Jakub G. Sobiecki, Paul N. Appleby, Kathryn E. Bradbury, Timothy J. Key: High compliance with dietary recommendations in a cohort of meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians, and vegans: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Oxford study; Nutr Res. 2016 May; 36(5): 464–477.; doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.12.016
3. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 Oct 30.; doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270
4. Vitamin E Fact Sheet for Consumers
5. Raederstorff D, Wyss A, Calder PC, Weber P, Eggersdorfer M.: Vitamin E function and requirements in relation to PUFA.; Br J Nutr. 2015 Oct 28;114(8):1113-22. doi: 10.1017/S000711451500272X. Epub 2015 Aug 21.; PMID: 26291567
6. Tiidus PM, Houston ME.: Vitamin E status and response to exercise training.; Sports Med. 1995 Jul;20(1):12-23.; PMID: 7481276
7. William J Evans: Vitamin E, vitamin C, and exercise; Am J Clin Nutr August 2000 vol. 72 no. 2 647s-652s
8. Nikolaidis MG, Kerksick CM, Lamprecht M, McAnulty SR.: Does vitamin C and E supplementation impair the favorable adaptations of regular exercise?; Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2012;2012:707941. doi: 10.1155/2012/707941. Epub 2012 Aug 13.; PMID: 22928084
9. Takanami Y, Iwane H, Kawai Y, Shimomitsu T.: Vitamin E supplementation and endurance exercise: are there benefits?; Sports Med. 2000 Feb;29(2):73-83.; PMID: 10701711
10. Ji LL.: Antioxidants and oxidative stress in exercise.; Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1999 Dec;222(3):283-92.; PMID: 10601887
11. William J Evans: Vitamin E, vitamin C, and exercise; Am J Clin Nutr August 2000 vol. 72 no. 2 647s-652s

Daily Zinc Requirement

1. Nazanin Roohani, Richard Hurrell, Roya Kelishadi, Rainer Schulin: Zinc and its importance for human health: An integrative review; J Res Med Sci. 2013 Feb; 18(2): 144–157.; PMCID: PMC3724376
2. Janet R Hunt: Bioavailability of iron, zinc, and other trace minerals from vegetarian diets; Am J Clin Nutr September 2003 vol. 78 no. 3 633S-639S
3. Foster M, Chu A, Petocz P, Samman S.: Effect of vegetarian diets on zinc status: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in humans.; J Sci Food Agric. 2013 Aug 15;93(10):2362-71. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.6179. Epub 2013 May 29.; PMID: 23595983
4. Rosalind S Gibson, Anne-Louise M Heath, Ewa A Szymlek-Gay: Is iron and zinc nutrition a concern for vegetarian infants and young children in industrialized countries?; First published May 28, 2014, doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.071241; Am J Clin Nutr July 2014 vol. 100 no. Supplement 1 459S-468S
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Essential Amino Acids

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18. René Koopman, Luc J. C. van Loon: Aging, exercise, and muscle protein metabolism; Journal of Applied Physiology Jun 2009, 106 (6) 2040-2048; DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.91551.2008
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28. J A Schmidt, S Rinaldi, A Scalbert, P Ferrari, D Achaintre, M J Gunter, P N Appleby, T J Key, R C Travis: Plasma concentrations and intakes of amino acids in male meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans: a cross-sectional analysis in the EPIC-Oxford cohort; Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016 Mar; 70(3): 306–312.; Published online 2015 Sep 23.; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.144; PMCID: PMC4705437; EMSID: EMS64336
29. J A Schmidt, S Rinaldi, A Scalbert, P Ferrari, D Achaintre, M J Gunter, P N Appleby, T J Key, R C Travis: Plasma concentrations and intakes of amino acids in male meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans: a cross-sectional analysis in the EPIC-Oxford cohort; Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016 Mar; 70(3): 306–312.; Published online 2015 Sep 23.; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.144; PMCID: PMC4705437; EMSID: EMS64336
30. Krajcovicová-Kudlácková M, Simoncic R, Béderová A, Babinská K, Béder I.: Correlation of carnitine levels to methionine and lysine intake.; Physiol Res. 2000;49(3):399-402.; PMID: 11043928
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Essential Fatty Acids

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Fiber - Part Of A Healthy Diet

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Fiber-rich Diet / Fiber-containing Foods

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Flax Seed - Small Seeds With Healthy Benefits

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17. Alhassane Touré, Xu Xueming: Flaxseed Lignans: Source, Biosynthesis, Metabolism, Antioxidant Activity, Bio-Active Components, and Health Benefits; Institute of Food Technologists®; Article first published online: 29 APR 2010; DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2009.00105.x
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23. Edel AL, Rodriguez-Leyva D, Maddaford TG, Caligiuri SP, Austria JA, Weighell W, Guzman R, Aliani M, Pierce GN.: Dietary flaxseed independently lowers circulating cholesterol and lowers it beyond the effects of cholesterol-lowering medications alone in patients with peripheral artery disease.; J Nutr. 2015 Apr;145(4):749-57. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.204594. Epub 2015 Feb 18.; PMID: 25694068
24. Mette Kristensen, Morten G Jensen, Julie Aarestrup, Kristina EN Petersen, Lise Søndergaard, Mette S Mikkelsen, Arne Astrup: Flaxseed dietary fibers lower cholesterol and increase fecal fat excretion, but magnitude of effect depend on food type; Nutr Metab (Lond). 2012; 9: 8.; Published online 2012 Feb 3.; doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-9-8; PMCID: PMC3307491
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30. Cetisli NE, Saruhan A, Kivcak B.: The effects of flaxseed on menopausal symptoms and quality of life.; Holist Nurs Pract. 2015 May-Jun;29(3):151-7. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000085.; PMID: 25882265
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37. Hye-Jeon Cho, Byung-Kyung Do, Soon-Mi Shim, Hoonjeong Kwon, Dong-Ha Lee, Ahn-Hee Nah, Youn-Ju Choi, Sook-Yeon Lee: Determination of Cyanogenic Compounds in Edible Plants by Ion Chromatography; Toxicol Res. 2013 Jun; 29(2): 143–147.; doi: 10.5487/TR.2013.29.2.143; PMCID: PMC3834451
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Folate - Folic Acid Benefits

1. Maria de Lourdes Samaniego-Vaesken, Elena Alonso-Aperte, Gregorio Varela-Moreiras: Vitamin food fortification today; Food Nutr Res. 2012; 56: 10.3402/fnr.v56i0.5459. Published online 2012 Apr 2.; doi: 10.3402/fnr.v56i0.5459; PMCID: PMC3319130
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11. Kräutler B.: Biochemistry of B12-cofactors in human metabolism.; Subcell Biochem. 2012;56:323-46. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-2199-9_17.; PMID: 22116707
12. Banerjee RV, Matthews RG.: Cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase.; FASEB J. 1990 Mar;4(5):1450-9.; PMID: 2407589
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14. Patrick J. Stover, Ph.D.: Physiology of Folate and Vitamin B12 in Health and Disease; Nutrition Reviews Volume 62, Issue suppl 1, 1 June 2004; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00070.x S3-S12 First published online: 1 June 2004
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23. Roy M Pitkin: Folate and neural tube defects; Am J Clin Nutr January 2007 vol. 85 no. 1 285S-288S
24. Katalin Fekete, Cristiana Berti, Monica Trovato, Szimonetta Lohner, Carla Dullemeijer, Olga W Souverein, Irene Cetin, Tamás Decsi: Effect of folate intake on health outcomes in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis on birth weight, placental weight and length of gestation; Nutr J. 2012; 11: 75.; Published online 2012 Sep 19. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-11-75; PMCID: PMC3499376
25. Maureen M. Black: Effects of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency on brain development in children; Food Nutr Bull. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 Jul 18.; Published in final edited form as: Food Nutr Bull. 2008 Jun; 29(2 Suppl): S126–S131.; PMCID: PMC3137939; NIHMSID: NIHMS307261
26. Katalin Fekete, Cristiana Berti, Monica Trovato, Szimonetta Lohner, Carla Dullemeijer, Olga W Souverein, Irene Cetin, Tamás Decsi: Effect of folate intake on health outcomes in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis on birth weight, placental weight and length of gestation; Nutr J. 2012; 11: 75.; Published online 2012 Sep 19. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-11-75; PMCID: PMC3499376
27. Martha E. Payne PhD, RD, MPHa; Brenda D. Jamerson PharmD; Christopher F. Potocky MS; Allison E. Ashley-Koch PhD; Marcy C. Speer PhD & David C. Steffens MD, MHS: Natural Food Folate and Late-Life Depression; Journal of Nutrition For the Elderly Volume 28, Issue 4, 2009; DOI: 10.1080/01639360903417181; Published online: 09 Dec 2009
28. Young-In Kim: Will mandatory folic acid fortification prevent or promote cancer?; Am J Clin Nutr November 2004 vol. 80 no. 5 1123-1128
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32. Gibson TM, Weinstein SJ, Pfeiffer RM, Hollenbeck AR, Subar AF, Schatzkin A, Mayne ST, Stolzenberg-Solomon R.: Pre- and postfortification intake of folate and risk of colorectal cancer in a large prospective cohort study in the United States.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Oct;94(4):1053-62. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.110.002659. Epub 2011 Aug 3.; PMID: 21813806
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35. Cole BF, Baron JA, Sandler RS, Haile RW, Ahnen DJ, Bresalier RS, McKeown-Eyssen G, Summers RW, Rothstein RI, Burke CA, Snover DC, Church TR, Allen JI, Robertson DJ, Beck GJ, Bond JH, Byers T, Mandel JS, Mott LA, Pearson LH, Barry EL, Rees JR, Marcon N, Saibil F, Ueland PM, Greenberg ER; Polyp Prevention Study Group.: Folic acid for the prevention of colorectal adenomas: a randomized clinical trial.; JAMA. 2007 Jun 6;297(21):2351-9.; PMID: 17551129
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39. Agnoli C, Grioni S, Krogh V, Pala V, Allione A, Matullo G, Di Gaetano C, Tagliabue G, Pedraglio S, Garrone G, Cancarini I, Cavalleri A, Sieri S.: Plasma Riboflavin and Vitamin B-6, but Not Homocysteine, Folate, or Vitamin B-12, Are Inversely Associated with Breast Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Varese Cohort.; J Nutr. 2016 Apr 27. pii: jn225433. [Epub ahead of print]; PMID: 27121532
40. Veronica E. Ohrvik. Cornelia M. Witthoft: Human Folate Bioavailability; Nutrients. 2011 Apr; 3(4): 475–490.; Published online 2011 Apr 18. doi: 10.3390/nu3040475; PMCID: PMC3257685
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42. Mary P Hannon-Fletcher, Nicola C Armstrong, John M Scott, Kristina Pentieva, Ian Bradbury, Mary Ward, JJ Strain, Adele A Dunn, Anne M Molloy, Maeve A Kerr, and Helene McNulty: Determining bioavailability of food folates in a controlled intervention study; Am J Clin Nutr October 2004 vol. 80 no. 4 911-918
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44. C M Pfeiffer, L M Rogers, L B Bailey, and J F Gregory 3rd: Absorption of folate from fortified cereal-grain products and of supplemental folate consumed with or without food determined by using a dual-label stable-isotope protocol.; Am J Clin Nutr December 1997 vol. 66 no. 6 1388-1397
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47. Verlinde PH, Oey I, Hendrickx ME, Van Loey AM, Temme EH.: L-ascorbic acid improves the serum folate response to an oral dose of [6S]-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in healthy men.; Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008 Oct;62(10):1224-30. Epub 2007 Jul 11.; PMID: 17622258
48. Lucock M, Yates Z, Boyd L, Naylor C, Choi JH, Ng X, Skinner V, Wai R, Kho J, Tang S, Roach P, Veysey M.: Vitamin C-related nutrient-nutrient and nutrient-gene interactions that modify folate status.; Eur J Nutr. 2013 Mar;52(2):569-82. doi: 10.1007/s00394-012-0359-8. Epub 2012 Apr 21.; PMID: 22527288
49. Majchrzak D, Singer I, Männer M, Rust P, Genser D, Wagner KH, Elmadfa I.: B-vitamin status and concentrations of homocysteine in Austrian omnivores, vegetarians, and vegans.; Ann Nutr Metab. 2006;50(6):485-91. Epub 2006 Sep 19.; PMID: 16988496
50. Gilsing AM, Crowe FL, Lloyd-Wright Z, Sanders TA, Appleby PN, Allen NE, Key TJ.: Serum concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate in British male omnivores, vegetarians, and vegans: results from a cross-sectional analysis of the EPIC-Oxford cohort study.; Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010 Sep;64(9):933-9. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2010.142. Epub 2010 Jul 21.; PMID: 20648045
51. Davey GK, Spencer EA, Appleby PN, Allen NE, Knox KH, Key TJ.: EPIC-Oxford: lifestyle characteristics and nutrient intakes in a cohort of 33,883 meat-eaters and 31,546 non-meat-eaters in the UK.; Public Health Nutr. 2003 May;6(3):259-69.; PMID: 12740075
52. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 Oct 30.; doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270
53. Anna-Liisa Elorinne, Georg Alfthan, Iris Erlund, Hanna Kivimäki, Annukka Paju, Irma Salminen, Ursula Turpeinen, Sari Voutilainen, Juha Laakso: Food and Nutrient Intake and Nutritional Status of Finnish Vegans and Non-Vegetarians; Published: February 3, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148235
54. Majchrzak D, Singer I, Männer M, Rust P, Genser D, Wagner KH, Elmadfa I.: B-vitamin status and concentrations of homocysteine in Austrian omnivores, vegetarians, and vegans.; Ann Nutr Metab. 2006;50(6):485-91. Epub 2006 Sep 19.; PMID: 16988496

Foods with Magnesium / Magnesium-Rich Foods

1. Rosalind S. Gibson, Leah Perlas, Christine Hotz: Improving the bioavailability of nutrients in plant foods at the household level; Proceedings of the Nutrition Society (0029-6651) Volume 065(002), May 2006, pp 160-168; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/PNS2006489 (About DOI), Published online: March 7, 2007
2. Joanna Suliburska, Zbigniew Krejpcio: Evaluation of the content and bioaccessibility of iron, zinc, calcium and magnesium from groats, rice, leguminous grains and nuts; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Mar; 51(3): 589–594.; Published online 2011 Sep 29. doi: 10.1007/s13197-011-0535-5; PMCID: PMC3931887

Goji Berries - The Anti-Cancer Berries

1. Olivier Potterat: Goji (Lycium barbarum and L. chinense): Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Safety in the Perspective of Traditional Uses and Recent Popularity; Planta Med 2010; 76(1): 7-19; DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1186218
2. Tang WM, Chan E, Kwok CY, Lee YK, Wu JH, Wan CW, Chan RY, Yu PH, Chan SW.: A review of the anticancer and immunomodulatory effects of Lycium barbarum fruit.; Inflammopharmacology. 2012 Dec;20(6):307-14. doi: 10.1007/s10787-011-0107-3. Epub 2011 Dec 22.; PMID: 22189914
3. Tang WM, Chan E, Kwok CY, Lee YK, Wu JH, Wan CW, Chan RY, Yu PH, Chan SW.: A review of the anticancer and immunomodulatory effects of Lycium barbarum fruit.; Inflammopharmacology. 2012 Dec;20(6):307-14. doi: 10.1007/s10787-011-0107-3. Epub 2011 Dec 22.; PMID: 22189914
4. Lu Gan, Sheng-Hua Zhangb, Qiong Liua, Hui-Bi Xua: A polysaccharide-protein complex from Lycium barbarum upregulates cytokine expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells; European Journal of Pharmacology; Volume 471, Issue 3, 27 June 2003, Pages 217–222; doi:10.1016/S0014-2999(03)01827-2
5. Mao F, Xiao B, Jiang Z, Zhao J, Huang X, Guo J.: Anticancer effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on colon cancer cells involves G0/G1 phase arrest.; Med Oncol. 2011 Mar;28(1):121-6. doi: 10.1007/s12032-009-9415-5. Epub 2010 Jan 12.; PMID: 20066520
6. Xiaorui Zhang, Yingjie Li, Junping Cheng, Gang Liu, Chunhui Qi, Wenxia Zhou, Yongxiang Zhang: Immune activities comparison of polysaccharide and polysaccharide-protein complex from Lycium barbarum L.; International Journal of Biological Macromolecules; Volume 65, April 2014, Pages 441–445; doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.01.020
7. Zhang Z, Liu X, Wu T, Liu J, Zhang X, Yang X, Goodheart MJ, Engelhardt JF, Wang Y.: Selective suppression of cervical cancer Hela cells by 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid isolated from the fruit of Lycium barbarum L.; Cell Biol Toxicol. 2011 Apr;27(2):107-21. doi: 10.1007/s10565-010-9174-2. Epub 2010 Aug 19.; PMID: 20717715
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22. Martino Forino, Luciana Tartaglione, Carmela Dell’Aversano, Patrizia Ciminiello: NMR-based identification of the phenolic profile of fruits of Lycium barbarum (goji berries). Isolation and structural determination of a novel N-feruloyl tyramine dimer as the most abundant antioxidant polyphenol of goji berries; Food Chemistry Volume 194, 1 March 2016, Pages 1254–1259; doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.129
23. Zhou ZQ, Xiao J, Fan HX, Yu Y, He RR, Feng XL, Kurihara H, So KF, Yao XS, Gao H.: Polyphenols from wolfberry and their bioactivities.; Food Chem. 2017 Jan 1;214:644-54. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.105. Epub 2016 Jul 19.; PMID: 27507521
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39. Yuhua Cao, Xin Zhang, Qingcui Chu, Yuzhi Fang, Jiannong Ye: Determination of Taurine in Lycium Barbarum L. and Other Foods by Capillary Electrophoresis with Electrochemical Detection; Electroanalysis Volume 15, Issue 10, pages 898–902, July 2003; Article first published online: 1 JUL 2003
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Health Advantages Of A Vegan Diet

1. Peter Clarys, Tom Deliens, Inge Huybrechts, Peter Deriemaeker, Barbara Vanaelst, Willem De Keyzer, Marcel Hebbelinck, Patrick Mullie: Comparison of Nutritional Quality of the Vegan, Vegetarian, Semi-Vegetarian, Pesco-Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diet; Nutrients. 2014 Mar; 6(3): 1318–1332.; doi: 10.3390/nu6031318
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3. Timothy J. Key, Paul N. Appleby, Magdalena S. Rosell: Health effects of vegetarian and vegan diets; Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK; DOI: 10.1079/PNS2005481
4. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, and Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 Oct 30. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270
5. Dewell A, Weidner G, Sumner MD, Chi CS, Ornish D.: A very-low-fat vegan diet increases intake of protective dietary factors and decreases intake of pathogenic dietary factors.; J Am Diet Assoc. 2008 Feb;108(2):347-56.; doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2007.10.044.
6. Spencer EA, Appleby PN, Davey GK, Key TJ.: Diet and body mass index in 38000 EPIC-Oxford meat-eaters, fish-eaters, vegetarians and vegans.; Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 Jun; 27(6):728-34.
7. Huang RY, Huang CC, Hu FB, Chavarro JE.: Vegetarian Diets and Weight Reduction: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.; J Gen Intern Med. 2015 Jul 3.
8. Sinha R, Cross AJ, Graubard BI, Leitzmann MF, Schatzkin A.: Meat intake and mortality: a prospective study of over half a million people.; Arch Intern Med. 2009 Mar 23;169(6):562-71.; doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.6.
9. Knize MG, Felton JS.: Formation and human risk of carcinogenic heterocyclic amines formed from natural precursors in meat.; Nutr Rev. 2005 May;63(5):158-65.
10. Maruyama K, Oshima T, Ohyama K.: Exposure to exogenous estrogen through intake of commercial milk produced from pregnant cows.; Pediatr Int. 2010 Feb; 52(1):33-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2009.02890.x. Epub 2009 May 22.
11. John D. Grant, MD FRCPC: Food for thought … and health Making a case for plant-based nutrition; Can Fam Physician. 2012 Sep; 58(9): 917–919.; PMCID: PMC3440258
12. The President and Fellows of Harvard College: Calcium and Milk: What’s Best for Your Bones and Health?; accessed: 11/13/2015
13. Maruyama K, Oshima T, Ohyama K.: Exposure to exogenous estrogen through intake of commercial milk produced from pregnant cows.; Pediatr Int. 2010 Feb;52 (1):33-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2009.02890.x. Epub 2009 May 22.
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16. Preventing and Reversing Osteoporosis; accessed: 10/01/2015
17. John D. Grant, MD FRCPC: Food for thought … and health Making a case for plant-based nutrition; Can Fam Physician. 2012 Sep; 58(9): 917–919.; PMCID: PMC3440258   
18. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ.: A prospective study of dietary calcium and other nutrients and the risk of symptomatic kidney stones.; N Engl J Med. 1993 Mar 25;328(12):833-8.; PMID: 8441427
19. Tucker KL, Hannan MT, Chen H, Cupples LA, Wilson PW, Kiel DP.: Potassium, magnesium, and fruit and vegetable intakes are associated with greater bone mineral density in elderly men and women.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Apr;69(4):727-36.; PMID: 10197575
20. Prynne CJ, Mishra GD, O'Connell MA, Muniz G, Laskey MA, Yan L, Prentice A, Ginty F.: Fruit and vegetable intakes and bone mineral status: a cross sectional study in 5 age and sex cohorts.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Jun;83(6):1420-8.; PMID: 16789345
21. Chen YM, Ho SC, Woo JL.: Greater fruit and vegetable intake is associated with increased bone mass among postmenopausal Chinese women.; Br J Nutr. 2006 Oct;96(4):745-51.; PMID: 17010235
22. Philip J Tuso, MD, Mohamed H Ismail, MD, Carole Bartolotto, MA, RD: Nutritional Update for Physicians: Plant-Based Diets; Perm J. 2013 Spring; 17(2): 61–66.; doi: 10.7812/TPP/12-085; PMCID: PMC3662288
23. PK Newby, Katherine L Tucker, and Alicja Wolk: Risk of overweight and obesity among semivegetarian, lactovegetarian, and vegan women; Am J Clin Nutr June 2005 vol. 81 no. 6 1267-1274
24. Serena Tonstad, MD, PHD, Terry Butler, DRPH, Ru Yan, MSC and Gary E. Fraser, MD, PHD: Type of Vegetarian Diet, Body Weight, and Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes; Published online before print April 7, 2009, doi: 10.2337/dc08-1886; Diabetes Care May 2009 vol. 32 no. 5 791-796
25. De Biase SG, Fernandes SF, Gianini RJ, Duarte JL.: Vegetarian diet and cholesterol and triglycerides levels.; Arq Bras Cardiol. 2007 Jan;88(1):35-9.
26. Fenglei Wang, MS; Jusheng Zheng, PhD; Bo Yang, MPH; Jiajing Jiang, MS; Yuanqing Fu, PhD; Duo Li, PhD: Effects of Vegetarian Diets on Blood Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta?Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials; Coronary Heart Disease; J Am Heart Assoc. 2015; 4: e002408 originally published October 27, 2015 doi: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002408
27. Luc Djoussé, Donna K Arnett, Hilary Coon, Michael A Province, Lynn L Moore, and R Curtis Ellison: Fruit and vegetable consumption and LDL cholesterol: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study; Am J Clin Nutr February 2004; vol. 79 no. 2 213-217
28. Bazzano LA, Serdula MK, Liu S.: Dietary intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of cardiovascular disease.; Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2003 Nov;5(6):492-9.
29. Maximino Alfredo Mejia, Albert Sanchez, Joanie Sanchez, Eric Runte: A Vegan Diet Rich in Fats of Plant Origin May Reverse Coronary Artery Disease; April 2016; The FASEB Journal vol. 30 no. 1 Supplement 904.11
30. Lap Tai Le and Joan Sabaté: Beyond Meatless, the Health Effects of Vegan Diets: Findings from the Adventist Cohorts; Nutrients. 2014 Jun; 6(6): 2131–2147.; Published online 2014 May 27.; doi: 10.3390/nu6062131; PMCID: PMC4073139
31. Orlich MJ, Singh PN, Sabaté J, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Fan J, Knutsen S, Beeson WL, Fraser GE.: Vegetarian dietary patterns and mortality in Adventist Health Study 2.; JAMA Intern Med. 2013 Jul 8;173(13):1230-8.; doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.6473.
32. Andrea Bellavia, Susanna C Larsson, Matteo Bottai, Alicja Wolk, and Nicola Orsini: Fruit and vegetable consumption and all-cause mortality: a dose-response analysis; Am J Clin Nutr August 2013; doi: 10.3945/?ajcn.112.056119
33. Jin ZY, Wu M, Han RQ, Zhang XF, Wang XS, Liu AM, Zhou JY, Lu QY, Zhang ZF, Zhao JK.: Raw garlic consumption as a protective factor for lung cancer, a population-based case-control study in a Chinese population.; Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2013 Jul; 6(7):711-8.; doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-13-0015. Epub 2013 May 8.
34. Claire T McEvoy, Norman Temple, Jayne V Woodside: Vegetarian diets, low-meat diets and health: a review; Public Health Nutrition: 15(12), 2287–2294; doi:10.1017/S1368980012000936
35. Park SY, Murphy SP, Wilkens LR, Henderson BE, Kolonel LN: Legume and isoflavone intake and prostate cancer risk: The Multiethnic Cohort Study.; Int J Cancer. 2008 Aug 15;123(4):927-32.; doi: 10.1002/ijc.23594.
36. Tantamango-Bartley Y, Knutsen SF, Knutsen R, Jacobsen BK, Fan J, Beeson WL, Sabate J, Hadley D, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Penniecook J, Herring P, Butler T, Bennett H, Fraser G.: Are strict vegetarians protected against prostate cancer?; Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Nov 11. pii: ajcn106450. [Epub ahead of print]; PMID: 26561618
37. Tantamango-Bartley Y, Knutsen SF, Knutsen R, Jacobsen BK, Fan J, Beeson WL, Sabate J, Hadley D, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Penniecook J, Herring P, Butler T, Bennett H, Fraser G.: Are strict vegetarians protected against prostate cancer?; Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Nov 11. pii: ajcn106450. [Epub ahead of print]; PMID: 26561618
38. McCarty MF: Vegan proteins may reduce risk of cancer, obesity, and cardiovascular disease by promoting increased glucagon activity.; Med Hypotheses. 1999 Dec;53(6):459-85.
39. Bingham SA, Day NE, Luben R, Ferrari P, Slimani N, Norat T, Clavel-Chapelon F, Kesse E, Nieters A, Boeing H, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Martinez C, Dorronsoro M, Gonzalez CA, Key TJ, Trichopoulou A, Naska A, Vineis P, Tumino R, Krogh V, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Berglund G, Hallmans G, Lund E, Skeie G, Kaaks R, Riboli E; European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.: Dietary fibre in food and protection against colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): an observational study.; Lancet. 2003 May 3;361(9368):1496-501.; PMID: 12737858
40. Michael J. Orlich, MD, PhD, Pramil N. Singh, DrPH, Joan Sabaté, MD, DrPH, Jing Fan, MS, Lars Sveen, Hannelore Bennett, MS, Synnove F. Knutsen, MD, PhD, W. Lawrence Beeson, DrPH, Karen Jaceldo-Siegl, DrPH, MS, Terry L. Butler, DrPH, R. Patti Herring, PhD, and Gary E. Fraser, PhD, MD: Vegetarian Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Colorectal Cancers; JAMA Intern Med. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 May 5.; Published in final edited form as: JAMA Intern Med. 2015 May 1; 175(5): 767–776.; doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.59; PMCID: PMC4420687; NIHMSID: NIHMS670872
41. Carrie Printz: Vegetarian diet associated with lower risk of colorectal cancer; Cancer: Volume 121, Issue 16, page 2667, August 15, 2015Article first published online: 6 AUG 2015; DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29582
42. Rick J. Jansen, Dennis P. Robinson, Rachael Z. Stolzenberg-Solomon, William R. Bamlet, Mariza de Andrade, Ann L. Oberg, Kari G. Rabe, Kristin E. Anderson, Janet E. Olson, Rashmi Sinha, Gloria M. Petersen: Nutrients from Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Reduce the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer;J Gastrointest Cancer. 2013 Jun; 44(2): 152–161.; doi: 10.1007/s12029-012-9441-y; PMCID: PMC3694591; NIHMSID: NIHMS479653
43. Tantamango-Bartley Y, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Fan J, Fraser G.: Vegetarian diets and the incidence of cancer in a low-risk population.; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013 Feb;22(2):286-94. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-1060. Epub 2012 Nov 20.; PMID: 23169929
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45. Dinu M, Abbate R, Gensini GF, Casini A, Sofi F.: Vegetarian, vegan diets and multiple health outcomes: a systematic review with meta-analysis of observational studies.; Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2016 Feb 6:0. [Epub ahead of print]; PMID: 26853923
46. Appleby PN, Davey GK, Key TJ.: Hypertension and blood pressure among meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians and vegans in EPIC-Oxford.; Public Health Nutr. 2002 Oct;5(5):645-54.
47. David J. A. Jenkins, MD, PhD; Cyril W. C. Kendall, PhD; Livia S. A. Augustin, PhD; Sandra Mitchell, RD; Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, RD; Sonia Blanco Mejia, MD; Laura Chiavaroli, MSc; Arash Mirrahimi, MSc; Christopher Ireland, BSc; Balachandran Bashyam, PhD; Edward Vidgen, BSc; Russell J. de Souza, ScD; John L. Sievenpiper, MD; Judy Coveney, RD; Lawrence A. Leiter, MD; Robert G. Josse, MD: Effect of Legumes as Part of a Low Glycemic Index Diet on Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes MellitusA Randomized Controlled Trial; Arch Intern Med. 2012;172(21):1653-1660. doi:10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.70.
48. Paul N Appleby, Naomi E Allen, Timothy J Key: Diet, vegetarianism, and cataract risk; Am J Clin Nutr May 2011 vol. 93 no. 5 1128-1135; First published March 23, 2011, doi: 10.3945/ajcn.110.004028
49. Neal D. Barnard, Ashley I. Bush, Antonia Ceccarelli, James Cooper, Celeste A. de Jager, Kirk I. Erickson, Gary Fraser, Shelli Kesler, Susan M. Levin, Brendan Lucey, Martha Clare Morris, Rosanna Squitti: Dietary and lifestyle guidelines for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease; Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town Observatory; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.03.033
50. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 Oct 30. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270
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52. M. Segasothy, P.A. Phillips: Vegetarian diet: panacea for modern lifestyle diseases?; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/92.9.531 531-544

Health Benefits Of Hemp Seeds

1. Gilda Aiello, Elisa Fasoli, Giovanna Boschin, Carmen Lammi, Chiara Zanoni, Attilio Citterio, Anna Arnoldi: Proteomic characterization of hempseed (Cannabis sativa L.); Journal of Proteomics Available online 2 June 2016; doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2016.05.033
2. Naseem KM.: The role of nitric oxide in cardiovascular diseases.; Mol Aspects Med. 2005 Feb-Apr;26(1-2):33-65. Epub 2005 Jan 24.; PMID: 15722114
3. C. Gómez Candela, L. M. Bermejo López, V. Loria Kohen: Importance of a balanced omega 6/omega 3 ratio for the maintenance of health. Nutritional recommendations; Nutr. Hosp. vol.26 no.2 Madrid Mar.-Apr. 2011; Print version ISSN 0212-1611
4. ARTEMIS P. SIMOPOULOS: MINIREVIEW, The Importance of the Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio in Cardiovascular Disease and Other Chronic Diseases; The Center for Genetics, Nutrition and Health, Washington, DC 20009
5. Walker CG, Jebb SA, Calder PC.: Stearidonic acid as a supplemental source of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to enhance status for improved human health.; Nutrition. 2013 Feb;29(2):363-9. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.06.003. Epub 2012 Oct 24.; PMID: 23102888
6. Angela V Saunders, Brenda C Davis, Manohar L Garg: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vegetarian diets; Med J Aust 2013; 199 (4 Suppl): S22-S26.; doi: 10.5694/mja11.11507
7. Kawamura A, Ooyama K, Kojima K, Kachi H, Abe T, Amano K, Aoyama T.: Dietary supplementation of gamma-linolenic acid improves skin parameters in subjects with dry skin and mild atopic dermatitis.; J Oleo Sci. 2011;60(12):597-607.; PMID: 22123240
8. Carrillo C, Cavia Mdel M, Alonso-Torre S.: Role of oleic acid in the immune system; mechanism of action; a review.; Nutr Hosp. 2012 Jul-Aug;27(4):978-90. doi: 10.3305/nh.2012.27.4.5783.; PMID: 23165533
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Healthy Vegan Weight Loss

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Hemp Oil - Healthy for the Skin and Immune System

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Hemp Protein - Composition and Amino Acids

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How Many Carbohydrates Per Day?

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Iodine Benefits And Functions

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Iron - Health Benefits - Improving Iron Absorption

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Iron Requirement - How Much Is Needed Per Day

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Is the vegan diet a malnutrition?

1. Peter Clarys, Tom Deliens, Inge Huybrechts, Peter Deriemaeker, Barbara Vanaelst, Willem De Keyzer, Marcel Hebbelinck, Patrick Mullie: Comparison of Nutritional Quality of the Vegan, Vegetarian, Semi-Vegetarian, Pesco-Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diet; Nutrients. 2014 Mar; 6(3): 1318–1332.; Published online 2014 Mar 24.; doi: 10.3390/nu6031318; PMCID: PMC3967195
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6. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 Oct 30. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270
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13. Peter Clarys, Tom Deliens, Inge Huybrechts, Peter Deriemaeker, Barbara Vanaelst, Willem De Keyzer, Marcel Hebbelinck, Patrick Mullie: Comparison of Nutritional Quality of the Vegan, Vegetarian, Semi-Vegetarian, Pesco-Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diet; Nutrients. 2014 Mar; 6(3): 1318–1332.; Published online 2014 Mar 24.; doi: 10.3390/nu6031318; PMCID: PMC3967195
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18. Gwen Dewar, Ph.D.: Boosting iron absorption
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Linoleic Acid

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Linseed Oil - Healthy Benefits By Unsaturated Fatty Acids

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Lipids / Fats - Fatty Acids for Health

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Lupin Protein - Composition and Amino Acids

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26. François Mariotti, Maria E. Pueyo, Daniel Tomé, and Sylvain Mahé: The bioavailability and postprandial utilization of sweet lupin (Lupinus albus)-flour protein is similar to that of purified soybean protein in human subjects: a study using intrinsically 15N-labelled proteins; British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 87 / Issue 04 / April 2002, pp 315-323; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/BJN2002526 (About DOI), Published online: March 9, 2007
27. Qiang Zhao, Cordelia Selomulya, Hua Xiong, Xiao Dong Chen, Xiang Li, Shenqi Wang, Chunqing Bai, Hailong Peng, Qiang Zhou, Wenjing Sun: Rice Dreg Protein as an Alternative to Soy Protein Isolate: Comparison of Nutritional Properties; International Journal of Food Properties Vol. 17, Iss. 8, 2014
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29. Danica E. Goggin, Gisela Mir, William B. Smith, Martin Stuckey, Penelope M. C. Smith: Proteomic Analysis of Lupin Seed Proteins To Identify Conglutin β as an Allergen, Lup an 1; J. Agric. Food Chem., 2008, 56 (15), pp 6370–6377; DOI: 10.1021/jf800840u; Publication Date (Web): July 12, 2008
30. Nadal P, Canela N, Katakis I, O'Sullivan CK.: Extraction, isolation, and characterization of globulin proteins from Lupinus albus.; J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Mar 23;59(6):2752-8. doi: 10.1021/jf104062d. Epub 2011 Feb 18.; PMID: 21332201
31. Jappe U, Vieths S.: Lupine, a source of new as well as hidden food allergens.; Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 Jan;54(1):113-26. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200900365.; PMID: 20013885
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37. Melanie Bähr, Anita Fechner, Michael Kiehntopf, Gerhard Jahreis: Consuming a mixed diet enriched with lupin protein beneficially affects plasma lipids in hypercholesterolemic subjects: A randomized controlled trial; Clinical Nutrition, Volume 34, Issue 1, 7-14
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41. Dr. Regina Belski: Chapter 4 – Fiber, Protein, and Lupin-Enriched Foods: Role for Improving Cardiovascular Health; Advances in Food and Nutrition Research Volume 66, 2012, Pages 147–215; doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-394597-6.00004-5
42. Giovanna Boschin, Graziana Maria Scigliuolo, Donatella Resta, Anna Arnoldi: ACE-inhibitory activity of enzymatic protein hydrolysates from lupin and other legumes; Food Chemistry Volume 145, 15 February 2014, Pages 34–40; doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.076
43. Giovanna Boschin, Graziana Maria Scigliuolo, Donatella Resta, Anna Arnoldi: Optimization of the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lupin (Lupinus) Proteins for Producing ACE-Inhibitory Peptides; J. Agric. Food Chem., 2014, 62 (8), pp 1846–1851; DOI: 10.1021/jf4039056; Publication Date (Web): January 31, 2014
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Maca Root - Healthy Benefits

1. Gustavo F. Gonzales: Ethnobiology and Ethnopharmacology of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), a Plant from the Peruvian Highlands; Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012; 2012: 193496.; Published online 2011 Oct 2.; doi: 10.1155/2012/193496; PMCID: PMC3184420
2. Henry O. Meissner, Alina Mscisz, Ewa Piatkowska, Marek Baraniak, Sebastian Mielcarek, Bogdan Kedzia, Elzbieta Holderna-Kedzia, Pawel Pisulewski: Peruvian Maca (Lepidium peruvianum): (II) Phytochemical Profiles of Four Prime Maca Phenotypes Grown in Two Geographically-Distant Locations; Int J Biomed Sci. 2016 Mar; 12(1): 9–24.; PMCID: PMC4841986
3. Gustavo F. Gonzales: Ethnobiology and Ethnopharmacology of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), a Plant from the Peruvian Highlands; Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012; 2012: 193496.; Published online 2011 Oct 2.; doi: 10.1155/2012/193496; PMCID: PMC3184420
4. Henry O. Meissner, Alina Mscisz, Ewa Piatkowska, Marek Baraniak, Sebastian Mielcarek, Bogdan Kedzia, Elzbieta Holderna-Kedzia, Pawel Pisulewski: Peruvian Maca (Lepidium peruvianum): (II) Phytochemical Profiles of Four Prime Maca Phenotypes Grown in Two Geographically-Distant Locations; Int J Biomed Sci. 2016 Mar; 12(1): 9–24.; PMCID: PMC4841986
5. Henry O. Meissner, Alina Mscisz, Ewa Piatkowska, Marek Baraniak, Sebastian Mielcarek, Bogdan Kedzia, Elzbieta Holderna-Kedzia, Pawel Pisulewski: Peruvian Maca (Lepidium peruvianum): (II) Phytochemical Profiles of Four Prime Maca Phenotypes Grown in Two Geographically-Distant Locations; Int J Biomed Sci. 2016 Mar; 12(1): 9–24.; PMCID: PMC4841986
6. H. O. Meissner, W. Kapczynski, A. Mscisz, J. Lutomski: Use of Gelatinized Maca (Lepidium Peruvianum) in Early Postmenopausal Women; Int J Biomed Sci. 2005 Jun; 1(1): 33–45.; PMCID: PMC3614576
7. H. O. Meissner, W. Kapczynski, A. Mscisz, J. Lutomski: Use of Gelatinized Maca (Lepidium Peruvianum) in Early Postmenopausal Women; Int J Biomed Sci. 2005 Jun; 1(1): 33–45.; PMCID: PMC3614576
8. Ratnayake WS, Jackson DS.: Starch gelatinization.; Adv Food Nutr Res. 2009;55:221-68.; doi: 10.1016/S1043-4526(08)00405-1.; PMID: 18772106
9. H. O. Meissner, W. Kapczynski, A. Mscisz, J. Lutomski: Use of Gelatinized Maca (Lepidium Peruvianum) in Early Postmenopausal Women; Int J Biomed Sci. 2005 Jun; 1(1): 33–45.; PMCID: PMC3614576
10. McCollom MM, Villinski JR, McPhail KL, Craker LE, Gafner S.: Analysis of macamides in samples of Maca (Lepidium meyenii) by HPLC-UV-MS/MS.; Phytochem Anal. 2005 Nov-Dec;16(6):463-9.; PMID: 16315492
11. Eliana Esparza, Antonella Hadzich, Waltraud Kofer, Axel Mithöfer, Eric G. Cosio: Bioactive maca (Lepidium meyenii) alkamides are a result of traditional Andean postharvest drying practices; Phytochemistry Volume 116, August 2015, Pages 138–148; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.02.030
12. Valentová K, Ulrichová J.: Smallanthus sonchifolius and Lepidium meyenii - prospective Andean crops for the prevention of chronic diseases.; Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2003 Dec;147(2):119-30.; PMID: 15037892
13. Gonzales GF, Córdova A, Vega K, Chung A, Villena A, Góñez C, Castillo S.: Effect of Lepidium meyenii (MACA) on sexual desire and its absent relationship with serum testosterone levels in adult healthy men.; Andrologia. 2002 Dec;34(6):367-72.; PMID: 12472620
14. Stone M, Ibarra A, Roller M, Zangara A, Stevenson E.: A pilot investigation into the effect of maca supplementation on physical activity and sexual desire in sportsmen.; J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Dec 10;126(3):574-6.; doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.012. Epub 2009 Sep 23.; PMID: 19781622
15. Byung-Cheul Shin, Myeong Soo Lee, Eun Jin Yang, Hyun-Suk Lim, Edzard Ernst: Maca (L. meyenii) for improving sexual function: a systematic review; BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010; 10: 44.; Published online 2010 Aug 6.; doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-10-44; PMCID: PMC2928177
16. Dording CM, Fisher L, Papakostas G, Farabaugh A, Sonawalla S, Fava M, Mischoulon D.: A double-blind, randomized, pilot dose-finding study of maca root (L. meyenii) for the management of SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction.; CNS Neurosci Ther. 2008 Fall;14(3):182-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00052.x.; PMID: 18801111
17. Lee MS, Lee HW, You S, Ha KT.: The use of maca (Lepidium meyenii) to improve semen quality: A systematic review.; Maturitas. 2016 Oct;92:64-9. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.07.013. Epub 2016 Jul 21.; PMID: 27621241
18. Ingrid Melnikovova, Tomas Fait, Michaela Kolarova, Eloy C. Fernandez, Luigi Milella: Effect of Lepidium meyenii Walp. on Semen Parameters and Serum Hormone Levels in Healthy Adult Men: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study; Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015; 2015: 324369. Published online 2015 Sep 1.; doi: 10.1155/2015/324369; PMCID: PMC4569766
19. Gonzales GF, Córdova A, Vega K, Chung A, Villena A, Góñez C.: Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), a root with aphrodisiac and fertility-enhancing properties, on serum reproductive hormone levels in adult healthy men.; J Endocrinol. 2003 Jan;176(1):163-8.; PMID: 12525260
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Magnesium - Overdose & Excess

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52. Razavi, Behzad et al.:Hypermagnesemia-induced multiorgan failure; The American Journal of Medicine, Volume 108, Issue 8, 686-687
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Magnesium Deficiency - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

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8. Chaudhary DP, Sharma R, Bansal DD.: Implications of magnesium deficiency in type 2 diabetes: a review.; Biol Trace Elem Res. 2010 May;134(2):119-29. doi: 10.1007/s12011-009-8465-z. Epub 2009 Jul 24.; PMID: 19629403
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Manganese Benefits and Functions

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Matcha Tea - Benefits Of Green Tea

1. Sabu M Chacko, Priya T Thambi, Ramadasan Kuttan, Ikuo Nishigaki: Beneficial effects of green tea: A literature review; Chin Med. 2010; 5: 13.; Published online 2010 Apr 6. doi: 10.1186/1749-8546-5-13; PMCID: PMC2855614
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Micronutrients - Nutrients With Elementary Importance

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Minerals

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2. Lukaski HC.: Vitamin and mineral status: effects on physical performance.; Nutrition. 2004 Jul-Aug;20(7-8):632-44.; PMID: 15212745

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids

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Omega-3 Fatty Acids

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Omega-3-rich Diet

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Omega-6 Fatty Acids

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29. Liou YA, King DJ, Zibrik D, Innis SM.: Decreasing linoleic acid with constant alpha-linolenic acid in dietary fats increases (n-3) eicosapentaenoic acid in plasma phospholipids in healthy men.; J Nutr. 2007 Apr;137(4):945-52.; PMID: 17374659
30. Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University: Essential Fatty Acids; accessed on 02/02/2015
31. University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC): Omega-6 fatty acids; accessed on 02/02/2015
32. Narinder Kaur, Vishal Chugh, Anil K. Gupta: Essential fatty acids as functional components of foods- a review; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Oct; 51(10): 2289–2303.; Published online 2012 Mar 21. doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0677-0; PMCID: PMC4190204
33. Australian National Health and Medical Research Council: Vitamin E; accessed on 02/02/2015
34. Valk EE, Hornstra G.: Relationship between vitamin E requirement and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake in man: a review.; Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2000 Mar;70(2):31-42.; PMID: 10804454

Omega-6 Foods

1. C. Gómez Candela, L. M.a Bermejo López, V. Loria Kohen: Importance of a balanced omega 6/omega 3 ratio for the maintenance of health. Nutritional recommendations; Nutrición Hospitalaria; Print version ISSN 0212-1611; Nutr. Hosp. vol.26 no.2 Madrid Mar.-Apr. 2011
2. Apte SA, Cavazos DA, Whelan KA, Degraffenried LA.: A low dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 Fatty acids may delay progression of prostate cancer.; Nutr Cancer. 2013;65(4):556-62. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2013.775316.; PMID: 23659447
3. Narinder Kaur, Vishal Chugh, Anil K. Gupta: Essential fatty acids as functional components of foods- a review; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Oct; 51(10): 2289–2303.; Published online 2012 Mar 21. doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0677-0; PMCID: PMC4190204
4. Brenda C Davis, Penny M Kris-Etherton: Achieving optimal essential fatty acid status in vegetarians: current knowledge and practical implications; Am J Clin Nutr September 2003: vol. 78 no. 3 640S-646S
5. J.C. Callaway: Hempseed as a nutritional resource: An overview; Euphytica 140: 65–72, 2004.

Omega-6 To Omega-3 Ratio

1. The Physicians Committee: Essential Fatty Acids; accessed on 08/12/2015
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3. Artemis P Simopoulos: Essential fatty acids in health and chronic disease; Am J Clin Nutr September 1999; vol. 70 no. 3 560s-569s
4. Simopoulos AP.: Evolutionary aspects of diet, the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and genetic variation: nutritional implications for chronic diseases.; Biomed Pharmacother. 2006 Nov;60(9):502-7. Epub 2006 Aug 28.; PMID: 17045449
5. M.R. Fokkema, D.A.J. Brouwer, M.B. Hasperhoven, Y. Hettema, W.J.E. Bemelmans, F.A.J. Muskiet: Polyunsaturated fatty acid status of Dutch vegans and omnivores; Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA); Volume 63, Issue 5, November 2000, Pages 279-285; doi:10.1054/plef.2000.0215
6. Brenda C Davis, Penny M Kris-Etherton: Achieving optimal essential fatty acid status in vegetarians: current knowledge and practical implications; Am J Clin Nutr September 2003; vol. 78 no. 3 640S-646S
7. Apte SA, Cavazos DA, Whelan KA, Degraffenried LA.: A low dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids may delay progression of prostate cancer.; Nutr Cancer. 2013;65(4):556-62. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2013.775316.; PMID: 23659447
8. E. Patterson, R. Wall, G. F. Fitzgerald, R. P. Ross, C. Stanton: Health Implications of High Dietary Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism; Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 539426, 16 pages; http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/539426
9. Nicolas Blondeau, Robert H. Lipsky, Miled Bourourou, Mark W. Duncan, Philip B. Gorelick, Ann M. Marini: Alpha-Linolenic Acid: An Omega-3 Fatty Acid with Neuroprotective Properties—Ready for Use in the Stroke Clinic?; Biomed Res Int. 2015; 2015: 519830.; Published online 2015 Feb 19. doi: 10.1155/2015/519830
10. A.P. Simopoulos: Evolutionary aspects of diet, the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and genetic variation: nutritional implications for chronic diseases; Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy; Volume 60, Issue 9, November 2006, Pages 502–507; Special Issue for the 50th anniversary of the journal; doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2006.07.080
11. Pischon T, Hankinson SE, Hotamisligil GS, Rifai N, Willett WC, Rimm EB.: Habitual dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in relation to inflammatory markers among US men and women.; Circulation. 2003 Jul 15;108(2):155-60. Epub 2003 Jun 23.; PMID: 12821543
12. Weiss LA, Barrett-Connor E, von Mühlen D.: Ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids and bone mineral density in older adults: the Rancho Bernardo Study.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Apr;81(4):934-8.; PMID: 15817874
13. Simopoulos AP.: The importance of the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio in cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases.; Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2008 Jun;233(6):674-88. doi: 10.3181/0711-MR-311. Epub 2008 Apr 11.; PMID: 18408140
14. Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Belury MA, Porter K, Beversdorf DQ, Lemeshow S, Glaser R.: Depressive symptoms, omega-6:omega-3 fatty acids, and inflammation in older adults.; Psychosom Med. 2007 Apr;69(3):217-24. Epub 2007 Mar 30.; PMID: 17401057
15. C. Gómez Candela, L. M.a Bermejo López, V. Loria Kohen: Importance of a balanced omega 6/omega 3 ratio for the maintenance of health. Nutritional recommendations; Nutrición Hospitalaria; Print version ISSN 0212-1611; Nutr. Hosp. vol.26 no.2 Madrid Mar.-Apr. 2011
16. E. Patterson, R. Wall, G. F. Fitzgerald, R. P. Ross, C. Stanton: Health Implications of High Dietary Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism; Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 539426, 16 pages; http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/539426
17. A.P. Simopoulos: Evolutionary aspects of diet, the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and genetic variation: nutritional implications for chronic diseases; Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy; Volume 60, Issue 9, November 2006, Pages 502–507; Special Issue for the 50th anniversary of the journal; doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2006.07.080
18. Lands B.: Planning primary prevention of coronary disease.; Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2009 Jul;11(4):272-80.; PMID: 19500490
19. Bill Lands: Consequences of Essential Fatty Acids; Nutrients. 2012 Sep; 4(9): 1338–1357.; Published online 2012 Sep 24. doi: 10.3390/nu4091338; PMCID: PMC3475243
20. Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University: Essential Fatty Acids; accessed on 12/08/2015
21. Friesen RW, Innis SM.: Linoleic acid is associated with lower long-chain n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in red blood cell lipids of Canadian pregnant women.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Jan;91(1):23-31. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28206. Epub 2009 Nov 18.; PMID: 19923368
22. Kerstin Harnack, Gaby Andersen, Veronika Somoza: Quantitation of alpha-linolenic acid elongation to eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid as affected by the ratio of n6/n3 fatty acids; Nutr Metab (Lond). 2009; 6: 8.; Published online 2009 Feb 19. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-6-8; PMCID: PMC2656504
23. Gibson RA, Muhlhausler B, Makrides M.: Conversion of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), with a focus on pregnancy, lactation and the first 2 years of life.; Matern Child Nutr. 2011 Apr;7 Suppl 2:17-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00299.x.; PMID: 21366864
24. Angela V Saunders, Brenda C Davis, Manohar L Garg: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vegetarian diets; Med J Aust 2013; 199 (4 Suppl): S22-S26.; doi: 10.5694/mja11.11507
25. Liou YA, King DJ, Zibrik D, Innis SM.: Decreasing linoleic acid with constant alpha-linolenic acid in dietary fats increases (n-3) eicosapentaenoic acid in plasma phospholipids in healthy men.; J Nutr. 2007 Apr;137(4):945-52.; PMID: 17374659
26. Gerster H.: Can adults adequately convert alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) to eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3)?; Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1998;68(3):159-73.; PMID: 9637947
27. Li D.: Chemistry behind Vegetarianism.; J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Feb 9;59(3):777-84. doi: 10.1021/jf103846u. Epub 2011 Jan 4.; PMID: 21204526
28. Caramia G.: The essential fatty acids omega-6 and omega-3: from their discovery to their use in therapy.; Minerva Pediatr. 2008 Apr;60(2):219-33.; PMID: 18449139
29. Lands WE.: Dietary fat and health: the evidence and the politics of prevention: careful use of dietary fats can improve life and prevent disease.; Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2005 Dec;1055:179-92.; PMID: 16387724
30. Narinder Kaur, Vishal Chugh, Anil K. Gupta: Essential fatty acids as functional components of foods - a review; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Oct; 51(10): 2289–2303. Published online 2012 Mar 21. doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0677-0; PMCID: PMC4190204

PDCAAS Method

1. Gertjan Schaafsma: The Protein Digestibility–Corrected Amino Acid Score; J. Nutr. July 1, 2000; vol. 130 no. 7 1865S-1867S
2. Wikipedia: Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score; accessed on 22.10.2015
3. House JD, Neufeld J, Leson G.: Evaluating the quality of protein from hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.) products through the use of the protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score method.; J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Nov 24;58(22):11801-7. doi: 10.1021/jf102636b. Epub 2010 Oct 26.; PMID: 20977230
4. Glenna J Hughes, Kathleen S Kress, Eric S Armbrecht, Ratna Mukherjea, Mildred Mattfeldt-Beman: Initial investigation of dietitian perception of plant-based protein quality; Food Sci Nutr. 2014 Jul; 2(4): 371–379.; Published online 2014 Apr 29.; doi: 10.1002/fsn3.112; PMCID: PMC4221835
5. Li Day: Proteins from land plants – Potential resources for human nutrition and food security; Trends in Food Science & Technology 32(1):25-42 · May 2013; DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.05.005

Pea Protein - Composition and Amino Acids

1. Nicolas Babault, Christos Païzis, Gaëlle Deley, Laetitia Guérin-Deremaux, Marie-Hélène Saniez, Catherine Lefranc-Millot, François A Allaert: Pea proteins oral supplementation promotes muscle thickness gains during resistance training: a double-blind, randomized, Placebo-controlled clinical trial vs. Whey protein; J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015; 12: 3.; Published online 2015 Jan 21.; doi: 10.1186/s12970-014-0064-5; PMCID: PMC4307635
2. Tzitzikas EN, Vincken JP, de Groot J, Gruppen H, Visser RG.: Genetic variation in pea seed globulin composition.; J Agric Food Chem. 2006 Jan 25;54(2):425-33.; PMID: 16417300
3. Tzitzikas EN, Vincken JP, de Groot J, Gruppen H, Visser RG.: Genetic variation in pea seed globulin composition.; J Agric Food Chem. 2006 Jan 25;54(2):425-33.; PMID: 16417300
4. Jitendra Y. Nehete, Rajendra S. Bhambar, Minal R. Narkhede, Sonali R. Gawali: Natural proteins: Sources, isolation, characterization and applications; Pharmacogn Rev. 2013 Jul-Dec; 7(14): 107–116.; doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.120508; PMCID: PMC3841988
5. Amjad Iqbal, Iqtidar A. Khalil, Nadia Ateeq, Muhammad Sayyar Khan: Nutritional quality of important food legumes; Food Chemistry Volume 97, Issue 2, July 2006, Pages 331–335; doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.05.011
6. Boye, J.I., Zare, F., and Pletch, A. (2009). "Pulse proteins: Processing, characterization, functional properties and applications in food and feed.", Food Research International, 43(2), pp. 414-431. doi : 10.1016/j.foodres.2009.09.003
7. Jay R. Hoffman, Michael J. Falvo: Protein – Which is Best?; International Society of Sports Nutrition Symposium, June 18-19, 2005, Las Vegas NV, USA - Symposium - Macronutrient Utilization During Exercise: Implications For Performance And Supplementation; J Sports Sci Med. 2004 Sep; 3(3): 118–130.; Published online 2004 Sep 1.; PMCID: PMC3905294
8. Amjad Iqbal, Iqtidar A. Khalil, Nadia Ateeq, Muhammad Sayyar Khan: Nutritional quality of important food legumes; Food Chemistry Volume 97, Issue 2, July 2006, Pages 331–335; doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.05.011
9. Wendy J. Dahl, Lauren M. Foster, Robert T. Tyler: Review of the health benefits of peas (Pisum sativum L.); British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 108 / Supplement S1 / August 2012, pp S3-S10; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114512000852 (About DOI), Published online: August 2012
10. Kate A Marsh, Elizabeth A Munn, Surinder K Baines: Protein and vegetarian diets; MJA Open 2012; 1 Suppl 2: 7-10.; doi: 10.5694/mjao11.11492
11. Kate A Marsh, Elizabeth A Munn, Surinder K Baines: Protein and vegetarian diets; MJA Open 2012; 1 Suppl 2: 7-10.; doi: 10.5694/mjao11.11492
12. Singh, P., Kumar, R., Sabapathy, S. N. and Bawa, A. S. (2008), Functional and Edible Uses of Soy Protein Products. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 7: 14–28. doi:10.1111/j.1541-4337.2007.00025.x
13. Glenna J Hughes, Kathleen S Kress, Eric S Armbrecht, Ratna Mukherjea, Mildred Mattfeldt-Beman: Initial investigation of dietitian perception of plant-based protein quality; Food Sci Nutr. 2014 Jul; 2(4): 371–379.; Published online 2014 Apr 29.; doi: 10.1002/fsn3.112; PMCID: PMC4221835
14. MELODY M. BOMGARDNER, C&EN WASHINGTON: PROTEIN EVOLUTION, Food trends combine with health and environmental concerns to put PLANT PROTEINS in the spotlight; CEN.ACS.ORG 8 FEBRUARY 9, 2015
15. Bishnoi S, Khetarpaul N.: Protein digestibility of vegetables and field peas (Pisum sativum). Varietal differences and effect of domestic processing and cooking methods.; Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1994 Jul;46(1):71-6.; PMID: 7971789
16. Maartje C. P. Geraedts, Freddy J. Troost, Marjet J. M. Munsters, Jos H. C. H. Stegen, Rogier J. de Ridder, Jose M. Conchillo, Joanna W. Kruimel, Ad A. M. Masclee, Wim H. M. Saris: Intraduodenal Administration of Intact Pea Protein Effectively Reduces Food Intake in Both Lean and Obese Male Subjects; PLoS One. 2011; 6(9): e24878.; Published online 2011 Sep 13.; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024878; PMCID: PMC3172308
17. Nicolas Babault, Christos Païzis, Gaëlle Deley, Laetitia Guérin-Deremaux, Marie-Hélène Saniez, Catherine Lefranc-Millot, François A Allaert: Pea proteins oral supplementation promotes muscle thickness gains during resistance training: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial vs. whey protein; J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2015; 12: 3.; Published online 2015 Jan 21.; doi: 10.1186/s12970-014-0064-5; PMCID: PMC4307635
18. Mollard RC, Luhovyy BL, Smith C, Anderson GH.: Acute effects of pea protein and hull fiber alone and combined on blood glucose, appetite, and food intake in healthy young men--a randomized crossover trial.; Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2014 Dec;39(12):1360-5.; doi: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0170.; Epub 2014 Aug 2.; PMID: 25302637
19. Rania Abou-Samra, Lian Keersmaekers, Dino Brienza, Rajat Mukherjee, Katherine Macé Effect of different protein sources on satiation and short-term satiety when consumed as a starter; Nutrition Journal 2011 10:139; DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-10-139; Published: 23 December 2011
20. Sirtori CR, Triolo M, Bosisio R, Bondioli A, Calabresi L, De Vergori V, Gomaraschi M, Mombelli G, Pazzucconi F, Zacherl C, Arnoldi A.: Hypocholesterolaemic effects of lupin protein and pea protein/fibre combinations in moderately hypercholesterolaemic individuals.; Br J Nutr. 2012 Apr;107(8):1176-83. doi: 10.1017/S0007114511004120. Epub 2011 Oct 28.; PMID: 22032303
21. Boye, J.I., Zare, F., and Pletch, A. (2009). "Pulse proteins: Processing, characterization, functional properties and applications in food and feed.", Food Research International, 43(2), pp. 414-431. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2009.09.003
22. Tömösközi S, Lásztity R, Haraszi R, Baticz O.: Isolation and study of the functional properties of pea proteins.; Nahrung. 2001 Oct;45(6):399-401.; PMID: 11712241
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24. Julie Minevich, Mark A Olson, Joseph P Mannion, Jaroslav H Boublik, Josh O McPherson, Ryan P Lowery, Kevin Shields, Matthew Sharp, Eduardo O De Souza, Jacob M Wilson, Martin Purpura, Ralf Jäger: Digestive enzymes reduce quality differences between plant and animal proteins: a double-blind crossover study. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 2015;12(Suppl 1):P26. doi:10.1186/1550-2783-12-S1-P26.

Plant-Based And Vegan Protein Powder

1. Young VR, Pellett PL.: Plant proteins in relation to human protein and amino acid nutrition.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 May;59(5 Suppl):1203S-1212S.; PMID: 8172124
2. Jay R. Hoffman, Michael J. Falvo: Protein – Which is Best?; International Society of Sports Nutrition Symposium, June 18-19, 2005, Las Vegas, NV, USA - Symposium - Macronutrient Utilization During Exercise: Implications For Performance And Supplementation; J Sports Sci Med. 2004 Sep; 3(3): 118–130.; Published online 2004 Sep 1.; PMCID: PMC3905294
3. Jay R. Hoffman, Michael J. Falvo: Protein – Which is Best?; International Society of Sports Nutrition Symposium, June 18-19, 2005, Las Vegas, NV, USA - Symposium - Macronutrient Utilization During Exercise: Implications For Performance And Supplementation; J Sports Sci Med. 2004 Sep; 3(3): 118–130.; Published online 2004 Sep 1.; PMCID: PMC3905294
4. Douglas S. Kalman: Amino Acid Composition of an Organic Brown Rice Protein Concentrate and Isolate Compared to Soy and Whey Concentrates and Isolates; Foods 2014, 3(3), 394-402; doi:10.3390/foods3030394; Published: June 30, 2014
5. Douglas S. Kalman: Amino Acid Composition of an Organic Brown Rice Protein Concentrate and Isolate Compared to Soy and Whey Concentrates and Isolates; Foods 2014, 3(3), 394-402; doi:10.3390/foods3030394; Published: June 30, 2014
6. Douglas S. Kalman: Amino Acid Composition of an Organic Brown Rice Protein Concentrate and Isolate Compared to Soy and Whey Concentrates and Isolates; Foods 2014, 3(3), 394-402; doi:10.3390/foods3030394; Published: June 30, 2014
7. Jay R. Hoffman, Michael J. Falvo: Protein – Which is Best?; International Society of Sports Nutrition Symposium, June 18-19, 2005, Las Vegas NV, USA - Symposium - Macronutrient Utilization During Exercise: Implications For Performance And Supplementation; J Sports Sci Med. 2004 Sep; 3(3): 118–130.; Published online 2004 Sep 1.; PMCID: PMC3905294
8. Jitendra Y. Nehete, Rajendra S. Bhambar, Minal R. Narkhede, Sonali R. Gawali: Natural proteins: Sources, isolation, characterization, and applications; Pharmacogn Rev. 2013 Jul-Dec; 7(14): 107–116.; doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.120508; PMCID: PMC3841988
9. van Vliet S, Burd NA, van Loon LJ.: The Skeletal Muscle Anabolic Response to Plant- versus Animal-Based Protein Consumption.; J Nutr. 2015 Sep;145(9):1981-91. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.204305. Epub 2015 Jul 29.; PMID: 26224750
10. Jay R. Hoffman, Michael J. Falvo: Protein – Which is Best?; International Society of Sports Nutrition Symposium, June 18-19, 2005, Las Vegas NV, USA - Symposium - Macronutrient Utilization During Exercise: Implications For Performance And Supplementation; J Sports Sci Med. 2004 Sep; 3(3): 118–130.; Published online 2004 Sep 1.; PMCID: PMC3905294
11. Jay R. Hoffman, Michael J. Falvo: Protein – Which is Best?; International Society of Sports Nutrition Symposium, June 18-19, 2005, Las Vegas NV, USA - Symposium - Macronutrient Utilization During Exercise: Implications For Performance And Supplementation; J Sports Sci Med. 2004 Sep; 3(3): 118–130.; Published online 2004 Sep 1.; PMCID: PMC3905294
12. Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Scores (PDCAAS) for Soy Protein Isolates and Concentrate: Criteria for Evaluation Glenna J. Hughes, David J. Ryan, Ratna Mukherjea, and Charles S. Schasteen Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2011 59 (23), 12707-12712 DOI: 10.1021/jf203220v
13. Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Scores (PDCAAS) for Soy Protein Isolates and Concentrate: Criteria for Evaluation Glenna J. Hughes, David J. Ryan, Ratna Mukherjea, and Charles S. Schasteen Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2011 59 (23), 12707-12712 DOI: 10.1021/jf203220v
14. Jay R. Hoffman, Michael J. Falvo: Protein – Which is Best?; International Society of Sports Nutrition Symposium, June 18-19, 2005, Las Vegas NV, USA - Symposium - Macronutrient Utilization During Exercise: Implications For Performance And Supplementation; J Sports Sci Med. 2004 Sep; 3(3): 118–130.; Published online 2004 Sep 1.; PMCID: PMC3905294
15. Jitendra Y. Nehete, Rajendra S. Bhambar, Minal R. Narkhede, Sonali R. Gawali: Natural proteins: Sources, isolation, characterization and applications; Pharmacogn Rev. 2013 Jul-Dec; 7(14): 107–116.; doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.120508; PMCID: PMC3841988
16. Lindseth GN, Coolahan SE, Petros TV, Lindseth PD.: Neurobehavioral effects of aspartame consumption.; Res Nurs Health. 2014 Jun;37(3):185-93. doi: 10.1002/nur.21595. Epub 2014 Apr 3.; PMID: 24700203
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18. Laura C Ortinau, Heather A Hoertel, Steve M Douglas, Heather J Leidy: Effects of high-protein vs. high-fat snacks on appetite control, satiety, and eating initiation in healthy women; Nutrition Journal 2014 13:97; DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-97; Published: 29 September 2014
19. Andrea C Buchholz, Dale A Schoeller: Is a calorie a calorie?; Am J Clin Nutr May 2004 vol. 79 no. 5 899S-906S
20. Kate A Marsh, Elizabeth A Munn, Surinder K Baines: Protein and vegetarian diets; MJA Open 2012; 1 Suppl 2: 7-10.; doi: 10.5694/mjao11.11492
21. Guoyao Wu: Dietary protein intake and human health; Food Funct., 2016,7, 1251-1265; DOI: 10.1039/C5FO01530H; Received 10 Dec 2015, Accepted 10 Jan 2016 First published online 11 Jan 2016

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

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11. Smith GI, Atherton P, Reeds DN, Mohammed BS, Rankin D, Rennie MJ, Mittendorfer B.: Dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation increases the rate of muscle protein synthesis in older adults: a randomized controlled trial.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Feb;93(2):402-12. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.110.005611. Epub 2010 Dec 15.; PMID: 21159787
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Potassium Benefits

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Potassium Deficiency - Symptoms, Causes, Therapy

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14. Roberto Dongilli, Claudio Crivellaro, Federica Targa, Giulio Donazzan, Markus Herrmann: A Rare Case of Hypokalemia and Hypomagnesemia; Clinical Chemistry Mar 2016, 62 (3) 436-440; DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.242057
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70. A Rastergar, M Soleimani: Hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia; Postgrad Med J 2001;77:914 759-764 doi:10.1136/pmj.77.914.759
71. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
72. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
73. Angela Greco, Giovanni Rabito, Michaela Pironi, Marco Bissig, Saida Parlato, Laura Andreocchi, Giorgia Bianchi, Marilù Guigli Poretti, Michael Llamas, Rita Monotti, Leander Sciolli, Franco Ravetta, Roberto Della Bruna, Anna Zasa, Daniela Stehrenberger, Olivier Giannini, Luca Gabutti: Hypokalaemia in hospitalised patients; Swiss Med Wkly. 2016;146:w14320; Published 20 June 2016, doi:10.4414/smw.2016.14320
74. A Rastergar, M Soleimani: Hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia; Postgrad Med J 2001;77:914 759-764 doi:10.1136/pmj.77.914.759
75. Abdo Asmar, MD; Rajesh Mohandas, MD; Charles S Wingo, MD: A Physiologic-Based Approach to the Treatment of a Patient With Hypokalemia; Am J Kidney Dis. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2016 Mar 3.; Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Sep; 60(3): 492–497.; doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.01.031; PMCID: PMC4776048; NIHMSID: NIHMS396447
76. Iezhitsa IN, Spasov AA.: Potassium magnesium homeostasis: physiology, pathophysiology, clinical consequences of deficiency and pharmacological correction.; Usp Fiziol Nauk. 2008 Jan-Mar;39(1):23-41.; PMID: 18314767
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Protein Deficiency

1. Health Grades Inc.: Symptoms of Protein deficiency, accessed on 10.11.2015
2. Zivanović Z, Barlinn K, Balucani C, Palazzo P, Alexandrov AV.: Headache and aphasia in a young woman with protein S deficiency and nephrotic syndrome.; Acta Clin Croat. 2011 Dec;50(4):619-21.; PMID: 22649897
3. Guoyao Wu: Dietary protein intake and human health; Food Funct., 2016, 7, 1251-1265; DOI: 10.1039/C5FO01530H (Review Article); First published on the web 11th January 2016
4. Jane E Kerstetter, Kimberly O O’Brien, Karl L Insogna: Dietary protein, calcium metabolism, and skeletal homeostasis revisited; American Society for Clinical Nutrition; Am J Clin Nutr September 2003; vol. 78 no. 3 584S-592S
5. Malcolm Watford, Guoyao Wu: Protein; doi: 10.3945/an.110.000091; Adv Nutr January 2011 Adv Nutr vol. 2: 62-63, 2011
6. Guoyao Wu: Dietary protein intake and human health; Food Funct., 2016, 7, 1251-1265; DOI: 10.1039/C5FO01530H (Review Article); First published on the web 11th January 2016

Protein Excess - Too Much Protein Unhealthy?

1. Malcolm Watford: Protein; doi: 10.3945/an.110.000091; Adv Nutr January 2011 Adv Nutr vol. 2: 62-63, 2011
2. Wu G.: Dietary protein intake and human health.; Food Funct. 2016 Mar 16;7(3):1251-65. doi: 10.1039/c5fo01530h.; First published online 11 Jan 2016
3. Antonio J, Peacock CA, Ellerbroek A, Fromhoff B, Silver T.: The effects of consuming a high protein diet (4.4 g/kg/d) on body composition in resistance-trained individuals.; J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2014 May 12;11:19. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-11-19. eCollection 2014.; PMID: 24834017
4. Anya Ellerbroek, Tobin Silver, Steve Orris, Max Scheiner, Adriana Gonzalez, Corey A Peacock: A high protein diet (3.4 g/kg/d) combined with a heavy resistance training program improves body composition in healthy trained men and women – a follow-up investigation; Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition201512:39; DOI: 10.1186/s12970-015-0100-0; Published: 20 October 2015
5. Kevin D. Tiptona: Efficacy and consequences of very-high-protein diets for athletes and exercisers; Proceedings of the Nutrition Society / Volume 70 / Issue 02 / Mai 2011, pp 205-214; Symposium 2: Exercise and protein nutrition; The Summer Meeting of the Nutrition Society hosted by the Scottish Section, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh.28 June–1 July 2010, Conference on ‘Nutrition and health: cell to community’; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0029665111000024 (About DOI), Published online: März 2011
6. Wu G.: Dietary protein intake and human health.; Food Funct. 2016 Mar 16;7(3):1251-65. doi: 10.1039/c5fo01530h.; First published online 11 Jan 2016
7. Bonjour JP.: Protein intake and bone health.; Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2011 Mar;81(2-3):134-42. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000063.; PMID: 22139564
8. William F Martin, Lawrence E Armstrong, Nancy R Rodriguez: Dietary protein intake and renal function; Nutr Metab (Lond). 2005; 2: 25.; Published online 2005 Sep 20. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-2-25; PMCID: PMC1262767
9. night EL, Stampfer MJ, Hankinson SE, Spiegelman D, Curhan GC.: The impact of protein intake on renal function decline in women with normal renal function or mild renal insufficiency.; Ann Intern Med. 2003 Mar 18;138(6):460-7.; PMID: 12639078
10. Wu G.: Dietary protein intake and human health.; Food Funct. 2016 Mar 16;7(3):1251-65. doi: 10.1039/c5fo01530h.; First published online 11 Jan 2016
11. Poortmans JR, Dellalieux O.: Do regular high protein diets have potential health risks on kidney function in athletes?; KInt J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2000 Mar;10(1):28-38.; PMID: 10722779
12. William F Martin, Lawrence E Armstrong, Nancy R Rodriguez: Dietary protein intake and renal function; Nutr Metab (Lond). 2005; 2: 25.; Published online 2005 Sep 20. doi: 10.1186/1743-7075-2-25; PMCID: PMC1262767
13. Tipton KD.: Efficacy and consequences of very-high-protein diets for athletes and exercisers.; Proc Nutr Soc. 2011 May;70(2):205-14. doi: 10.1017/S0029665111000024. Epub 2011 Mar 7.; PMID: 21375795

Protein Requirements Including For Muscle Gain

1. Fulgoni VL 3rd.: Current protein intake in America: analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2004.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 May;87(5):1554S-1557S.; PMID: 18469286
2. Institue of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board: DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES FOR Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids
3. Elango R, Humayun MA, Ball RO, Pencharz PB.: Evidence that protein requirements have been significantly underestimated.; Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010 Jan;13(1):52-7. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e328332f9b7.; PMID: 19841581
4. Guoyao Wu: Dietary protein intake and human health; Food Funct., 2016, 7, 1251-1265; DOI: 10.1039/C5FO01530H
5. Kate A Marsh, Elizabeth A Munn and Surinder K Baines: Protein and vegetarian diets; Med J Aust 2013; 199 (4 Suppl): S7-S10.; doi: 10.5694/mja11.11492
6. Christoph Szedlak MSC; Anna Robins PhD: Protein Requirements for Strength Training; Strength & Conditioning Journal; October 2012 - Volume 34 - Issue 5 - p 85–91; doi: 10.1519/SSC.0b013e31826dc3c4
7. Wu G.: Dietary protein intake and human health.; Food Funct. 2016 Mar 16;7(3):1251-65. doi: 10.1039/c5fo01530h.; First published online 11 Jan 2016
8. Felicia D. Stoler, DCN, MS, RD, FACSM: Sports Nutrition Unplugged
9. Bill Campbell, Richard B Kreider, Tim Ziegenfuss, Paul La Bounty, Mike Roberts, Darren Burke, Jamie Landis, Hector Lopez, Jose Antonio: International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: protein and exercise; J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2007; 4: 8.; Published online 2007 Sep 26. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-4-8; PMCID: PMC2117006
10. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach: Protein
11. Bill Campbell, Richard B Kreider, Tim Ziegenfuss, Paul La Bounty, Mike Roberts, Darren Burke, Jamie Landis, Hector Lopez, Jose Antonio: International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: protein and exercise; J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2007; 4: 8.; Published online 2007 Sep 26. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-4-8; PMCID: PMC2117006
12. Lemon PW: Protein requirements of soccer.; J Sports Sci. 1994 Summer;12 Spec No:S17-22.; PMID: 8072059
13. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach: Carbohydrate
14. Madonna M. Mamerow, Joni A. Mettler, Kirk L. English, Shanon L. Casperson, Emily Arentson-Lantz, Melinda Sheffield-Moore, Donald K. Layman, Douglas Paddon-Jones: Dietary Protein Distribution Positively Influences 24-h Muscle Protein Synthesis in Healthy Adults; J Nutr. 2014 Jun; 144(6): 876–880. Published online 2014 Jan 29.; doi: 10.3945/jn.113.185280; PMCID: PMC4018950
15. Douglas Paddon-Jones, Blake B. Rasmussen: Dietary protein recommendations and the prevention of sarcopenia, Protein, amino acid metabolism and therapy; Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2009 Jan; 12(1): 86–90.; doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32831cef8b; PMCID: PMC2760315; NIHMSID: NIHMS111079
16. Gaffney-Stomberg E, Insogna KL, Rodriguez NR, Kerstetter JE: Increasing dietary protein requirements in elderly people for optimal muscle and bone health.; J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009 Jun;57(6):1073-9.; doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02285.x. Epub 2009 Apr 30.; PMID: 19460090

Proteins And Amino Acids - Building Blocks Of The Body

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4. Andrea C Buchholz, Dale A Schoeller: Is a calorie a calorie?; Am J Clin Nutr May 2004; vol. 79 no. 5 899S-906S
5. Kevin D. Tiptona: Efficacy and consequences of very-high-protein diets for athletes and exercisers; Proceedings of the Nutrition Society / Volume 70 / Issue 02 / Mai 2011, pp 205-214; Symposium 2: Exercise and protein nutrition; The Summer Meeting of the Nutrition Society hosted by the Scottish Section, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh.28 June–1 July 2010, Conference on ‘Nutrition and health: cell to community’; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0029665111000024 (About DOI), Published online: März 2011
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11. According to scientists , there is a significant inverse relationship between the intake of vegetable protein sources and the blood pressureAccording to scientists , there is a significant inverse relationship between the intake of vegetable protein sources and the blood pressureAccording to scientists , there is a significant inverse relationship between the intake of vegetable protein sources and the blood pressureAccording to scientists , there is a significant inverse relationship between the intake of vegetable protein sources and the blood pressureAccording to scientists , there is a significant inverse relationship between the intake of vegetable protein sources and the blood pressureAccording to scientists , there is a significant inverse relationship between the intake of vegetable protein sources and the blood pressureElliott P, Stamler J, Dyer AR, Appel L, Dennis B, Kesteloot H, Ueshima H, Okayama A, Chan Q, Garside DB, Zhou B.: Association between protein intake and blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study.; Arch Intern Med. 2006 Jan 9;166(1):79-87.; PMID: 16401814
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Psyllium Husk - Benefits Against Constipation And Diarrhea

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Psyllium Seeds - Benefits for Constipation and Diarrhea

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Quinoa - Pseudocereal with High-Quality Proteins and Antioxidants

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21. Jitendra Y. Nehete, Rajendra S. Bhambar, Minal R. Narkhede, Sonali R. Gawali: Natural proteins: Sources, isolation, characterization and applications; Pharmacogn Rev. 2013 Jul-Dec; 7(14): 107–116.; doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.120508; PMCID: PMC3841988
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24. Rice Dreg Protein as an Alternative to Soy Protein Isolate: Comparison of Nutritional Properties Qiang Zhao, Cordelia Selomulya, Hua Xiong, Xiao Dong Chen, Xiang Li, Shenqi Wang, Chunqing Bai, Hailong Peng, Qiang Zhou, Wenjing Sun International Journal of Food Properties Vol. 17, Iss. 8, 2014
25. Jordan M Joy, Ryan P Lowery, Jacob M Wilson, Martin Purpura, Eduardo O De Souza, Stephanie MC Wilson, Douglas S Kalman, Joshua E Dudeck, Ralf Jäger: The effects of 8 weeks of whey or rice protein supplementation on body composition and exercise performance; Nutr J. 2013; 12: 86.; Published online 2013 Jun 20.; doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-86
26. Jordan M Joy, Ryan P Lowery, Jacob M Wilson, Martin Purpura, Eduardo O De Souza, Stephanie MC Wilson, Douglas S Kalman, Joshua E Dudeck, Ralf Jäger: The effects of 8 weeks of whey or rice protein supplementation on body composition and exercise performance; Nutr J. 2013; 12: 86.; Published online 2013 Jun 20.; doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-86; PMCID: PMC3698202
27. Ralf Jäger, Joshua E Dudeck, Jordan M Joy, Ryan P Lowery, Sean A McCleary, Stephanie MC Wilson, Douglas S Kalman, Jacob M Wilson, and Martin Purpura: Comparison of rice and whey protein isolate digestion rate and amino acid absorption; Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition201310(Suppl 1):P12; DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-10-S1-P12; Published: December 6, 2013
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29. Yang Kim, Jun Ill Kee, Suyong Lee, Sang-Ho Yoo: Quality improvement of rice noodle restructured with rice protein isolate and transglutaminase; Food Chemistry Volume 145, 15 February 2014, Pages 409–416; doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.078
30. Sudarat Jiamyangyuen, Voranuch Srijesdaruk, W. James Harper: Extraction of rice bran protein concentrate and its application in bread; Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol., 2005, 27(1): 55-64

Saturated Fatty Acids

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Selenium - Benefits And Functions

1. Prinessa Chellan, Peter J Sadler: The elements of life and medicines; Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2015 Mar 13; 373(2037): 20140182.; doi: 10.1098/rsta.2014.0182; PMCID: PMC4342972
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4. Duntas LH, Benvenga S.: Selenium: an element for life.; Endocrine. 2015 Apr;48(3):756-75. doi: 10.1007/s12020-014-0477-6. Epub 2014 Dec 18.; PMID: 25519493
5. Lacka K, Szeliga A.: Significance of selenium in thyroid physiology and pathology.; Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2015 Jun;38(228):348-53.; PMID: 26098657
6. Alexey V. Lobanov, Dolph L. Hatfield, Vadim N. Gladysheva: Eukaryotic selenoproteins and selenoproteomes; Biochim Biophys Acta. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 Oct 15.; Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Nov; 1790(11): 1424–1428.; Published online 2009 May 27. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.05.014; PMCID: PMC3471088; NIHMSID: NIHMS406914
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12. Lacka K, Szeliga A.: Significance of selenium in thyroid physiology and pathology.; Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2015 Jun;38(228):348-53.; PMID: 26098657
13. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Carlo Agostoni, Roberto Berni Canani, Susan Fairweather-Tait, Marina Heinonen, Hannu Korhonen, Sébastien La Vieille, Rosangela Marchelli, Ambroise Martin, Androniki Naska, Monika Neuhäuser-Berthold, Grażyna Nowicka, Yolanda Sanz, Alfonso Siani, Anders Sjödin, Martin Stern, Sean (J.J.) Strain, Inge Tetens, Daniel Tomé, Dominique Turck and Hans Verhagen.: Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to selenium and protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage pursuant to Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006; EFSA Journal 2014;12(11):3890 [8 pp.].; doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3890
14. Rayman MP.: Selenium and human health.; Lancet. 2012 Mar 31;379(9822):1256-68. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61452-9. Epub 2012 Feb 29.; PMID: 22381456
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16. Yakubov E, Buchfelder M, Eyüpoglu IY, Savaskan NE.: Selenium action in neuro-oncology.; Biol Trace Elem Res. 2014 Dec;161(3):246-54. doi: 10.1007/s12011-014-0111-8. Epub 2014 Aug 28.; PMID: 25164034
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Selenium Deficiency - Symptoms, Causes, Therapy

1. Rita Stoffaneller, Nancy L. Morse: A Review of Dietary Selenium Intake and Selenium Status in Europe and the Middle East; Nutrients. 2015 Mar; 7(3): 1494–1537.; Published online 2015 Feb 27.; doi: 10.3390/nu7031494; PMCID: PMC4377864
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Selenium-rich Foods - Selenium-rich Diet

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8. Margaret P. Rayman: Food-chain selenium and human health: emphasis on intake; British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 100 / Issue 02 / August 2008, pp 254-268; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114508939830 (About DOI), Published online: March 18, 2008
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10. Christine D Thomson, Alexandra Chisholm, Sarah K McLachlan, Jennifer M Campbell: Brazil nuts: an effective way to improve selenium status; Am J Clin Nutr February 2008 vol. 87 no. 2 379-384
11. Susan J Fairweather-Tait, Rachel Collings, Rachel Hurst: Selenium bioavailability: current knowledge and future research requirements; Am J Clin Nutr May 2010 vol. 91 no. 5 1484S-1491S; First published March 3, 2010, doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.28674J
12. Rayman, M.P. (2008) ‘Food-chain selenium and human health: emphasis on intake’, British Journal of Nutrition, 100(2), pp. 254–268. doi: 10.1017/S0007114508939830.
13. Falandysz J.: Selenium in edible mushrooms.; J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2008 Jul-Sep;26(3):256-99.; doi: 10.1080/10590500802350086.; PMID: 18781538
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15. Falandysz J.: Selenium in edible mushrooms.; J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev. 2008 Jul-Sep;26(3):256-99.; doi: 10.1080/10590500802350086.; PMID: 18781538
16. Rayman MP, Infante HG, Sargent M.: Food-chain selenium and human health: spotlight on speciation.; Br J Nutr. 2008 Aug;100(2):238-53. doi: 10.1017/S0007114508922522. ; Epub 2008 Mar 18.; PMID: 18346307
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Simple Carbohydrates For Quick Energy

1. PA Velasquez-Mieyer, PA Cowan, KL Arheart, CK Buffington, KA Spencer, BE Connelly, GW Cowan, RH Lustig: Suppression of insulin secretion is associated with weight loss and altered macronutrient intake and preference in a subset of obese adults ; Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2006 Jul 10.; Published in final edited form as: Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 Feb; 27(2): 219–226.; doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.802227; PMCID: PMC1490021; NIHMSID: NIHMS10650

Sodium - Benefits And Functions

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8. Peter Clarys, Tom Deliens, Inge Huybrechts, Peter Deriemaeker, Barbara Vanaelst, Willem De Keyzer, Marcel Hebbelinck, Patrick Mullie: Comparison of Nutritional Quality of the Vegan, Vegetarian, Semi-Vegetarian, Pesco-Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diet; Nutrients. 2014 Mar; 6(3): 1318–1332.; Published online 2014 Mar 24. doi: 10.3390/nu6031318; PMCID: PMC3967195
9. Nadja B. Kristensen, Mia L. Madsen, Tue H. Hansen, Kristine H. Allin, Camilla Hoppe, Sisse Fagt, Mia S. Lausten, Rikke J. Gøbel, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen: Intake of macro- and micronutrients in Danish vegans; Nutr J. 2015; 14: 115.; Published online 2015 Oct 30. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0103-3; PMCID: PMC4628270

Spirulina - Muscle Strength And Endurance + Antioxidants

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Strawberries - Healthy Benefits Through Antioxidants

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4. Sona Skrovankova, Daniela Sumczynski, Jiri Mlcek, Tunde Jurikova, Jiri Sochor: Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Different Types of Berries; Int J Mol Sci. 2015 Oct; 16(10): 24673–24706.; Published online 2015 Oct 16. doi: 10.3390/ijms161024673; PMCID: PMC4632771
5. Sandra Voća, Jana Šic Žlabur, Nadica Dobričević, Lidija Jakobek, Marijan Šeruga, Ante Galić, Stjepan Pliestić:: Variation in the Bioactive Compound Content at Three Ripening Stages of Strawberry Fruit; Molecules 2014, 19(7), 10370-10385; doi:10.3390/molecules190710370; Published: 17 July 2014
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Trace Elements

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25. Roe M, Pinchen H, Church S, Elahi S, Walker M, Farron-Wilson M, Buttriss J, Finglas P.: Trans fatty acids in a range of UK processed foods.; Food Chem. 2013 Oct 1;140(3):427-31. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.067. Epub 2012 Sep 6.; PMID: 23601386
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27. Stender S, Dyerberg J.: Influence of trans fatty acids on health.; Ann Nutr Metab. 2004;48(2):61-6. Epub 2003 Dec 16.; PMID: 14679314

Unsaturated Fatty Acids

1. Iowa State University Extension and Outreach: Fat; accessed November 24, 2015
2. J. Lunn, H. E. Theobald: The health effects of dietary unsaturated fatty acids; Nutrition Bulletin; Volume 31, Issue 3, pages 178–224, September 2006; Article first published online: 25 AUG 2006; DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-3010.2006.00571.x
3. Appel LJ, Sacks FM, Carey VJ, Obarzanek E, Swain JF, Miller ER 3rd, Conlin PR, Erlinger TP, Rosner BA, Laranjo NM, Charleston J, McCarron P, Bishop LM; OmniHeart Collaborative Research Group.: Effects of protein, monounsaturated fat, and carbohydrate intake on blood pressure and serum lipids: results of the OmniHeart randomized trial.; JAMA. 2005 Nov 16;294(19):2455-64.; PMID: 16287956
4. Li Y, Hruby A, Bernstein AM, Ley SH, Wang DD, Chiuve SE, Sampson L, Rexrode KM, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Hu FB.: Saturated Fats Compared With Unsaturated Fats and Sources of Carbohydrates in Relation to Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.; J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Oct 6;66(14):1538-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.07.055.; PMID: 26429077

Varied And Balanced Diet

1. M. Segasothy, P.A. Phillips: Vegetarian diet: panacea for modern lifestyle diseases?; Association of Physicians 1999; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/92.9.531 531-544 First published online: 1 September 1999
2. L Baroni, L Cenci, M Tettamanti, M Berati: Evaluating the environmental impact of various dietary patterns combined with different food production systems; European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2007) 61, 279–286.; doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602522; published online 11 October 2006

Vegan Folate And Folic Acid Foods

1. National Health and Medical Research Council: Folate; accessed on 05/10/2016
2. Agte V, Tarwadi K, Mengale S, Hinge A, Chiplonkar S.: Vitamin profile of cooked foods: how healthy is the practice of ready-to-eat foods?; Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2002 May;53(3):197-208.; PMID: 11951583
3. Emília Lešková, Jana Kubíková, Eva Kováciková, Martina Košická, Janka Porubská, Kristína Holcíková: Vitamin losses: Retention during heat treatment and continual changes expressed by mathematical models; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis Volume 19, Issue 4, June 2006, Pages 252–276; After Processing: The Fate of Food Components; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2005.04.014
4. McKillop DJ, Pentieva K, Daly D, McPartlin JM, Hughes J, Strain JJ, Scott JM, McNulty H.: The effect of different cooking methods on folate retention in various foods that are amongst the major contributors to folate intake in the UK diet.; Br J Nutr. 2002 Dec;88(6):681-8.; PMID: 12493090
5. Report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation: Human Vitamin and Mineral Requirements: Chapter 4. Folate and folic acid; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2002
6. Report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation: Human Vitamin and Mineral Requirements: Chapter 4. Folate and folic acid; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2002
7. Institute of Medicine (US) Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes and its Panel on Folate, Other B Vitamins, and Choline. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1998.
8. Yen-Ming Chan, Regan Bailey, Deborah L. O’Connor: Folate; Adv Nutr January 2013 Adv Nutr vol. 4: 123-125, 2013; doi: 10.3945/an.112.003392
9. Yen-Ming Chan, Regan Bailey, Deborah L. O’Connor: Folate; Adv Nutr January 2013 Adv Nutr vol. 4: 123-125, 2013; doi: 10.3945/an.112.003392

Vegan Foods With Calcium / Plant-based Calcium

1. C.M. WEAVER, R.P. HEANEY, K.P. NICKEL, P.I. PACKARD: Calcium Bioavailability from High Oxalate Vegetables: Chinese Vegetables, Sweet Potatoes and Rhubarb; Journal of Food Science Volume 62, Issue 3, pages 524–525, May 1997; Article first published online: 20 JUL 2006; DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1997.tb04421.x
2. Heaney RP1, Weaver CM, Recker RR.; Calcium absorbability from spinach.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Apr;47(4):707-9.; PMID: 3354496
3. Jian Yang, Tracy Punshon, Mary Lou Guerinot, Kendal D. Hirschi: Review, Plant Calcium Content: Ready to Remodel; Nutrients 2012, 4(8), 1120-1136; doi:10.3390/nu4081120; Published: 21 August 2012
4. C M Weaver, K L Plawecki: Dietary calcium: adequacy of a vegetarian diet.; Am J Clin Nutr May 1994 vol. 59 no. 5 1238S-1241S
5. Connie M Weaver, William R Proulx, Robert Heaney: Choices for achieving adequate dietary calcium with a vegetarian diet; Am J Clin Nutr September 1999 vol. 70 no. 3 543s-548s
6. Chai W, Liebman M.: Effect of different cooking methods on vegetable oxalate content.; J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Apr 20;53(8):3027-30.; PMID: 15826055
7. Kimura M, Itokawa Y.: Cooking losses of minerals in foods and its nutritional significance.; J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1990;36 Suppl 1:S25-32; discussion S33.; PMID: 2081985
8. U.S. National Library of Medicine: Calcium in diet; accessed on 18.12.2015
9. Weaver CM, Plawecki KL.: Dietary calcium: adequacy of a vegetarian diet.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1994 May;59(5 Suppl):1238S-1241S.
10. Heaney RP, Weaver CM.: Calcium absorption from kale.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1990 Apr;51(4):656-7.; PMID: 2321572
11. C. Alan Titchenal, Joannie Dobbs: A system to assess the quality of food sources of calcium; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis Volume 20, Issue 8, December 2007, Pages 717–724; 6th International Food Data Conference; doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2006.04.013
12. Joanna Sulibursk, Zbigniew Krejpcio: Evaluation of the content and bioaccessibility of iron, zinc, calcium and magnesium from groats, rice, leguminous grains and nuts; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Mar; 51(3): 589–594.; Published online 2011 Sep 29. doi: 10.1007/s13197-011-0535-5; PMCID: PMC3931887
13. Jian Yang, Tracy Punshon, Mary Lou Guerinot, Kendal D. Hirschi: Review, Plant Calcium Content: Ready to Remodel; Nutrients 2012, 4(8), 1120-1136; doi:10.3390/nu4081120, Published: August 21, 2012
14. Linda K. Massey, Reid G. Palmer, Harry T. Horner: Oxalate Content of Soybean Seeds (Glycine max: Leguminosae), Soyfoods, and Other Edible Legumes; J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49 (9), pp 4262–4266; DOI: 10.1021/jf010484y; Publication Date (Web): August 8, 2001
15. Jian Yang, Tracy Punshon, Mary Lou Guerinot, Kendal D. Hirschi: Review, Plant Calcium Content: Ready to Remodel; Nutrients 2012, 4(8), 1120-1136; doi:10.3390/nu4081120, Published: August 21, 2012
16. Joanna Suliburska, Zbigniew Krejpcio: Evaluation of the content and bioaccessibility of iron, zinc, calcium, and magnesium from groats, rice, leguminous grains, and nuts; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Mar; 51(3): 589–594.; Published online September 29, 2011; doi: 10.1007/s13197-011-0535-5; PMCID: PMC3931887
17. C.M. Weaver, R.P. Heaney, L. Connor, B.R. Martin, D.L. Smith, S. Nielsen: Bioavailability of Calcium from Tofu as Compared with Milk in Premenopausal Women; Journal of Food Science Volume 67, Issue 8, pages 3144–3147, October 2002; Article first published online: 20 JUL 2006; DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb08873.x

Vegan Foods With Vitamin B12

1. Fumio Watanabe, Yukinori Yabuta, Yuri Tanioka, Tomohiro Bito: Biologically Active Vitamin B12 Compounds in Foods for Preventing Deficiency among Vegetarians and Elderly Subjects; J. Agric. Food Chem., 2013, 61 (28), pp 6769–6775; DOI: 10.1021/jf401545z; Publication Date (Web): June 19, 2013
2. Tomohiro Bito, Fei Teng, Noriharu Ohishi, Shigeo Takenaka, Emi Miyamoto, Emi Sakuno, Kazuhisa Terashima, Yukinori Yabuta, Fumio Watanabe: Characterization of vitamin B12 compounds in the fruiting bodies of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) and bed logs after fruiting of the mushroom; Mycoscience Volume 55, Issue 6, November 2014, Pages 462–468; doi:10.1016/j.myc.2014.01.008
3. Koyyalamudi SR, Jeong SC, Cho KY, Pang G.: Vitamin B12 is the active corrinoid produced in cultivated white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus); J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Jul 22;57(14):6327-33. doi: 10.1021/jf9010966.; PMID: 19552428
4. Watanabe F, Schwarz J, Takenaka S, Miyamoto E, Ohishi N, Nelle E, Hochstrasser R, Yabuta Y.: Characterization of Vitamin B12 Compounds in the Wild Edible Mushrooms Black Trumpet (Craterellus cornucopioides) and Golden Chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius); J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2012;58(6):438-41.
5. Kumudha A, Selvakumar S, Dilshad P, Vaidyanathan G, Thakur MS, Sarada R.: Methylcobalamin--a form of vitamin B12 identified and characterised in Chlorella vulgaris.; Food Chem. 2015 Mar 1;170:316-20. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.035. Epub 2014 Aug 23.; PMID: 25306351
6. Randall Edward Merchant, Todd W. Phillips, Jay Udani.: Nutritional Supplementation with Chlorella pyrenoidosa Lowers Serum Methylmalonic Acid in Vegans and Vegetarians with a Suspected Vitamin B12 Deficiency; Journal of Medicinal Food. -Not available-, ahead of print. doi:10.1089/jmf.2015.0056.
7. Watanabe F, Takenaka S, Katsura H, Masumder SA, Abe K, Tamura Y, Nakano Y.: Dried green and purple lavers (Nori) contain substantial amounts of biologically active vitamin B(12) but less of dietary iodine relative to other edible seaweeds.; J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Jun;47(6):2341-3.; PMID: 10794633
8. Miyamoto E, Yabuta Y, Kwak CS, Enomoto T, Watanabe F.: Characterization of vitamin B12 compounds from Korean purple laver (Porphyra sp.) products.; J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Apr 8;57(7):2793-6. doi: 10.1021/jf803755s.; PMID: 19256490
9. Suzuki H.: Serum vitamin B12 levels in young vegans who eat brown rice.; J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1995 Dec;41(6):587-94.; PMID: 8926531
10. Watanabe F.: Vitamin B12 sources and bioavailability.; Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2007 Nov;232(10):1266-74.; PMID: 17959839
11. Kumudha A, Kumar SS, Thakur MS, Ravishankar GA, Sarada R.: Purification, identification, and characterization of methylcobalamin from Spirulina platensis.; J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Sep 22;58(18):9925-30. doi: 10.1021/jf102159j.; PMID: 20799700
12. Gabriela Gutiérrez-Salmeán, Luis Fabila-Castillo, Germán Chamorro-Cevallos: Nutritional and toxicological aspects of Spirulina (Arthrospira); Nutrición Hospitalaria 2015, 32 (1)
13. Gutiérrez-Salmeán G, Fabila-Castillo L, Chamorro-Cevallos G.: NUTRITIONAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SPIRULINA (ARTHROSPIRA).; Nutr Hosp. 2015 Jul 1;32(1):34-40.; doi: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.1.9001.
14. Watanabe F, Katsura H, Takenaka S, Fujita T, Abe K, Tamura Y, Nakatsuka T, Nakano Y.: Pseudovitamin B(12) is the predominant cobamide of an algal health food, spirulina tablets.; J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Nov;47(11):4736-41.; PMID: 10552882
15. Dagnelie PC, van Staveren WA, van den Berg H.: Vitamin B-12 from algae appears not to be bioavailable.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Mar;53(3):695-7.; PMID: 2000824
16. M. Nakosa, I. Pepelanovaa, S. Beutela, U. Kringsb, R.G. Bergerb, T. Schepera: Isolation and analysis of vitamin B12 from plant samples; Food Chemistry Volume 216, 1 February 2017, Pages 301–308; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.037
17. Areekul S, Pattanamatum S, Cheeramakara C, Churdchue K, Nitayapabskoon S, Chongsanguan M.: The source and content of vitamin B12 in the tempehs.; J Med Assoc Thai. 1990 Mar;73(3):152-6.
18. S Keuth, B Bisping: Vitamin B12 production by Citrobacter freundii or Klebsiella pneumoniae during tempeh fermentation and proof of enterotoxin absence by PCR.; Appl Environ Microbiol. 1994 May; 60(5): 1495–1499.; PMCID: PMC201508
19. Keuth S, Bisping B.: Vitamin B12 production by Citrobacter freundii or Klebsiella pneumoniae during tempeh fermentation and proof of enterotoxin absence by PCR.; Appl Environ Microbiol. 1994 May;60(5):1495-9.; PMID: 8017933
20. Divya Jagasia, Vanesa Zanzi Ferrando: Tempeh: a tempting potential vitamin B12 treat; Examensarbete C, 15hpGrundnivå VT 2015; Uppsala Universitet
21. DELORES D. TRUESDELL, NANCY R. GREEN, PHYLLIS B. ACOSTA: Vitamin B12 Activity in Miso and Tempeh; Journal of Food Science; Volume 52, Issue 2, pages 493–494, March 1987; Article first published online: 25 AUG 2006; DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1987.tb06650.x
22. Chung Shil Kwak, Mee Sook Lee, Se In Oh, Sang Chul Park: Discovery of Novel Sources of Vitamin B12 in Traditional Korean Foods from Nutritional Surveys of Centenarians; Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research; Volume 2010 (2010), Article ID 374897, 11 pages; http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/374897
23. Chung Shil Kwak, Mee Sook Lee, Se In Oh, Sang Chul Park: Discovery of Novel Sources of Vitamin B12 in Traditional Korean Foods from Nutritional Surveys of Centenarians; Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research; Volume 2010 (2010), Article ID 374897, 11 pages; http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/374897
24. Biljana Bauer-Petrovska, Lidija Petrushevska-Tozi: Mineral and water soluble vitamin content in the Kombucha drink; International Journal of Food Science & Technology; Volume 35, Issue 2, pages 201–205, March 2000; Article first published online: 25 DEC 2001; DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2621.2000.00342.x
25. MARCO SANTIN: Stability of Vitamin B12 in Baking Process; Thesis etd-11132014-171124; URN etd-11132014-171124; Study Program: BIOSAFETY AND QUALITY OF FOOD; Exam Start Date: 2014-12-09
26. Fumio Watanabe, Yukinori Yabuta, Yuri Tanioka, Tomohiro Bito: Biologically Active Vitamin B12 Compounds in Foods for Preventing Deficiency among Vegetarians and Elderly Subjects; J. Agric. Food Chem., 2013, 61 (28), pp 6769–6775; DOI: 10.1021/jf401545z; Publication Date (Web): June 19, 2013
27. Grossman, Arthur: Nutrient Acquisition: The Generation of Bioactive Vitamin B12 by Microalgae; Current Biology , Volume 26 , Issue 8 , R319 - R321
28. Helliwell, K.E., Lawrence, A.D., Holzer, A., Kudahl, U.J., Sasso, S., Kräutler, B., Scanlan, D.J., Warren, M.J., Smith, A.G.: Cyanobacteria and Eukaryotic Algae Use Different Chemical Variants of Vitamin B12; Curr Biol. 2016 Apr 25; 26(8): 999–1008.; doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.02.041; PMCID: PMC4850488
29. Fumio Watanabe, Yukinori Yabuta, Tomohiro Bito, Fei Teng: Vitamin B12-Containing Plant Food Sources for Vegetarians; Nutrients. 2014 May; 6(5): 1861–1873.; Published online 2014 May 5. doi: 10.3390/nu6051861; PMCID: PMC4042564
30. Amir Sharabi, Eytan Cohen, Jaqueline Sulkes, Moshe Garty: Replacement therapy for vitamin B12 deficiency: comparison between the sublingual and oral route; Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Dec; 56(6): 635–638.; doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01907.x; PMCID: PMC1884303

Vegan High-Quality Protein Sources

1. Jeremy P Loenneke, Jacob M Wilson, Anssi H Manninen, Mandy E Wray, Jeremy T Barnes, Thomas J Pujol: Quality protein intake is inversely related with abdominal fat; Nutrition & Metabolism 2012, 9:5; doi:10.1186/1743-7075-9-5
2. Millward DJ, Layman DK, Tomé D, Schaafsma G.: Protein quality assessment: impact of expanding understanding of protein and amino acid needs for optimal health.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 May;87(5):1576S-1581S.; PMID: 18469291
3. Guoyao Wu: Dietary protein intake and human health; Food Funct., 2016, 7, 1251-1265; DOI: 10.1039/C5FO01530H (Review Article); First published on the web 11th January 2016
4. Loenneke JP, Balapur A, Thrower AD, Syler G, Timlin M, Pujol TJ.: Short report: Relationship between quality protein, lean mass and bone health.; Ann Nutr Metab. 2010;57(3-4):219-20. doi: 10.1159/000321736. Epub 2010 Dec 2.; PMID: 21124023
5. Jeremy P Loenneke, Jacob M Wilson, Anssi H Manninen, Mandy E Wray, Jeremy T Barnes, Thomas J Pujol: Quality protein intake is inversely related with abdominal fat; Nutrition & Metabolism 2012, 9:5; doi:10.1186/1743-7075-9-5

Vegan Iodine Foods - Iodine-Rich Diet

1. Zimmermann MB.: Iodine deficiency.; Endocr Rev. 2009 Jun;30(4):376-408. doi: 10.1210/er.2009-0011. Epub 2009 May 21.; PMID: 19460960
2. Michael B. Zimmermann: Iodine deficiency.; Endocr Rev. 2009 Jun;30(4):376-408. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/er.2009-0011; First Published Online: July 01, 2013
3. Michael Zimmermann: Iodine; Adv Nutr March 2013 Adv Nutr vol. 4: 262-264, 2013; doi: 10.3945/?an.113.003665
4. Jane Teas, Sam Pino, Alan Critchley, Lewis E. Braverman: Thyroid. November 2004, 14(10): 836-841. doi:10.1089/thy.2004.14.836.
5. Comandini P, Cerretani L, Rinaldi M, Cichelli A, Chiavaro E.: Stability of iodine during cooking: investigation on biofortified and not fortified vegetables.; Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2013 Nov;64(7):857-61. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2013.798270. Epub 2013 May 24.; PMID: 23701028
6. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health: Iodine, Fact Sheet for Consumers; accessed on 02/04/2016
7. Tai Sheng Yeh, Nu Hui Hung, Tzu Chun Lin: Analysis of iodine content in seaweed by GC-ECD and estimation of iodine intake; Journal of Food and Drug Analysis June 2014Volume 22, Issue 2, Pages 189–196; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan, ROC; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2014.01.014
8. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health: Iodine, Fact Sheet for Health Professionals; accessed on February 4, 2016
9. Federal Institute for Risk Assessment: Health Risks from Excessive Iodine Content in Dried Algae; Updated Opinion No. 026/2007 of the BfR from June 22, 2004
10. Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University: Iodine; accessed on February 4, 2016
11. Petra Stein: Iodine - How much is healthy?; August 5, 2015: Well-nourished (Repeat)
12. PENN STATE HERSHEY: Iodine; accessed on 02/04/2016
13. Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University: Iodine; accessed on 02/04/2016
14. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health: Iodine, Fact Sheet for Health Professionals; accessed on 02/04/2016
15. Fabian Rohner, Michael Zimmermann, Pieter Jooste, Chandrakant Pandav, Kathleen Caldwell, Ramkripa Raghavan, Daniel J. Raiten: Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development—Iodine Review; J Nutr. 2014 Aug; 144(8): 1322S–1342S.; Published online 2014 Jun 25. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.181974; PMCID: PMC4093988
16. University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC): Iodine; accessed on February 4, 2016

Vegan Iron-rich Foods / Iron-rich Diet

1. Michael R La Frano, Fabiana F de Moura, Erick Boy, Bo Lönnerdal, Betty J Burri: Bioavailability of iron, zinc, and provitamin A carotenoids in biofortified staple crops; Nutrition Reviews Volume 72, Issue 5, pages 289–307, May 2014; Article first published online: 1 APR 2014; DOI: 10.1111/nure.12108
2. Layrisse M, García-Casal MN, Solano L, Barón MA, Arguello F, Llovera D, Ramírez J, Leets I, Tropper E.: Iron bioavailability in humans from breakfasts enriched with iron bis-glycine chelate, phytates and polyphenols.; J Nutr. 2000 Sep;130(9):2195-9.; PMID: 10958812
3. Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University: Iron; accessed on December 31, 2015
4. García-Casal MN, Leets I.: Carotenoids, but not vitamin A, improve iron uptake and ferritin synthesis by Caco-2 cells from ferrous fumarate and NaFe-EDTA.; J Food Sci. 2014 Apr;79(4):H706-12. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.12374. Epub 2014 Mar 25.; PMID: 24665932
5. Gibson RS, Perlas L, Hotz C.: Improving the bioavailability of nutrients in plant foods at the household level.; Proc Nutr Soc. 2006 May;65(2):160-8.; PMID: 16672077
6. Kimura M, Itokawa Y.: Cooking losses of minerals in foods and its nutritional significance.; J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1990;36 Suppl 1:S25-32; discussion S33.; PMID: 2081985
7. Joanna Suliburska, Zbigniew Krejpcio: Evaluation of the content and bioaccessibility of iron, zinc, calcium and magnesium from groats, rice, leguminous grains and nuts; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Mar; 51(3): 589–594.; Published online 2011 Sep 29. doi: 10.1007/s13197-011-0535-5; PMCID: PMC3931887
8. Joanna Suliburska, Zbigniew Krejpcio: Evaluation of the content and bioaccessibility of iron, zinc, calcium and magnesium from groats, rice, leguminous grains and nuts; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Mar; 51(3): 589–594.; Published online 2011 Sep 29. doi: 10.1007/s13197-011-0535-5; PMCID: PMC3931887
9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3931887/table/Tab2/

Vegan Manganese Foods - Manganese-Rich Diet

1. John W Finley: Manganese absorption and retention by young women is associated with serum ferritin concentration; Am J Clin Nutr July 1999 vol. 70 no. 1 37-43
2. Johnson PE, Lykken GI, Korynta ED.: Absorption and biological half-life in humans of intrinsic and extrinsic 54Mn tracers from foods of plant origin.; J Nutr. 1991 May;121(5):711-7.; PMID: 2019880
3. Gibson RS, Perlas L, Hotz C.: Improving the bioavailability of nutrients in plant foods at the household level.; Proc Nutr Soc. 2006 May;65(2):160-8.; PMID: 16672077

Vegan Potassium Foods - Potassium-Rich Diet

1. U.S. National Library of Medicine: Potassium in diet; accessed on January 11, 2016
2. Lindinger MI, Sjøgaard G.: Potassium regulation during exercise and recovery.; Sports Med. 1991 Jun;11(6):382-401.; PMID: 1656509
3. Connie M. Weaver: Potassium and Health: Adv Nutr May 2013 Adv Nutr vol. 4: 368S-377S, 2013; doi: 10.3945/an.112.003533
4. Susan A. Lanham-New, Helen Lambert: Potassium; Adv Nutr November 2012 Adv Nutr vol. 3: 820-821, 2012; doi: 10.3945/an.112.003012
5. The President and Fellows of Harvard College, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health: The Nutrition Source, Shifting the Balance of Sodium and Potassium in Your Diet; accessed on January 11, 2016
6. Macdonald-Clarke CJ, Martin BR, McCabe LD, McCabe GP, Lachcik PJ, Wastney M, Weaver CM.: Bioavailability of potassium from potatoes and potassium gluconate: a randomized dose response trial.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Aug;104(2):346-53. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.127225. Epub 2016 Jul 13.; PMID: 27413123

Vegan Sodium Foods - Sodium-rich Diet

1. National Health and Medical Research Council: Sodium; accessed on 01/29/2016
2. Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University: Sodium (Chloride); accessed on 01/29/2016

Vegan Vitamin A Foods

1. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health: Vitamin A, Fact Sheet for Health Professionals; accessed on July 11, 2016
2. Tilman Grune, Georg Lietz, Andreu Palou, A. Catharine Ross, Wilhelm Stahl, Guangweng Tang, David Thurnham, Shi-an Yin, Hans K. Biesalski: β-Carotene Is an Important Vitamin A Source for Humans; J Nutr. 2010 Dec; 140(12): 2268S–2285S.; Published online 2010 Oct 27.; doi: 10.3945/jn.109.119024; PMCID: PMC3139236
3. Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Dietary Antioxidants and Related Compounds. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2000. 8, β-Carotene and Other Carotenoids.
4. SCCS members: U. Bernauer, Q. Chaudhry, P. Coenraads, G. H. Degen, M. Dusinska, W. Lilienblum, E. Nielsen, T. Platzek, C. Rousselle, J. van Benthem; External experts: A. Bernard, J. Duus-Johansen, J. Ezendam, A. Giménez-Arnau, E. Mirkova, E. Panteri, T. Vanhaecke: Opinion on Vitamin A (Retinol, Retinyl Acetate, Retinyl Palmitate); On request from: European Commission; SCCS Number: SCCS/1576/16; Adopted on: 20 April 2016
5. SCCS members: U. Bernauer, Q. Chaudhry, P. Coenraads, G. H. Degen, M. Dusinska, W. Lilienblum, E. Nielsen, T. Platzek, C. Rousselle, J. van Benthem; External experts: A. Bernard, J. Duus-Johansen, J. Ezendam, A. Giménez-Arnau, E. Mirkova, E. Panteri, T. Vanhaecke: Opinion on Vitamin A (Retinol, Retinyl Acetate, Retinyl Palmitate); On request from: European Commission; SCCS Number: SCCS/1576/16; Adopted on: 20 April 2016
6. Emília Lešková, Jana Kubíková, Eva Kováčiková, Martina Košická, Janka Porubská, Kristína Holčíková: Vitamin losses: Retention during heat treatment and continual changes expressed by mathematical models; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis Volume 19, Issue 4, June 2006, Pages 252–276; After Processing: The Fate of Food Components; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2005.04.014
7. Emília Lešková, Jana Kubíková, Eva Kováčiková, Martina Košická, Janka Porubská, Kristína Holčíková: Vitamin losses: Retention during heat treatment and continual changes expressed by mathematical models; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis Volume 19, Issue 4, June 2006, Pages 252–276; After Processing: The Fate of Food Components; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2005.04.014
8. Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2001. 4, Vitamin A.
9. Ribaya-Mercado JD, Maramag CC, Tengco LW, Dolnikowski GG, Blumberg JB, Solon FS.: Carotene-rich plant foods ingested with minimal dietary fat enhance the total-body vitamin A pool size in Filipino schoolchildren as assessed by stable-isotope-dilution methodology.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Apr;85(4):1041-9.; PMID: 17413103
10. Karin H. van het Hof, Christine Gärtner, Anton Wiersma, Lilian B. M. Tijburg, Jan A. Weststrate: Comparison of the Bioavailability of Natural Palm Oil Carotenoids and Synthetic β-Carotene in Humans; Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1999 47 (4), 1582-1586; DOI: 10.1021/jf981091a
11. F Jalal, M C Nesheim, Z Agus, D Sanjur, and J P Habicht: Serum retinol concentrations in children are affected by food sources of beta-carotene, fat intake, and anthelmintic drug treatment.; Am J Clin Nutr September 1998 vol. 68 no. 3 623-629
12. Haskell MJ, Jamil KM, Hassan F, Peerson JM, Hossain MI, Fuchs GJ, Brown KH.: Daily consumption of Indian spinach (Basella alba) or sweet potatoes has a positive effect on total-body vitamin A stores in Bangladeshi men.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Sep;80(3):705-14.; PMID: 15321812
13. Burri, B. J. (2011), Evaluating Sweet Potato as an Intervention Food to Prevent Vitamin A Deficiency. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 10: 118–130. doi: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00146.x
14. Guangwen Tang, Jian Qin, Gregory G Dolnikowski, Robert M Russell, Michael A Grusak: Spinach or carrots can supply significant amounts of vitamin A as assessed by feeding with intrinsically deuterated vegetables; Am J Clin Nutr October 2005 vol. 82 no. 4 821-828
15. Courraud J, Berger J, Cristol JP, Avallone S.: Stability and bioaccessibility of different forms of carotenoids and vitamin A during in vitro digestion.; Food Chem. 2013 Jan 15;136(2):871-7. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.076. Epub 2012 Sep 8.; PMID: 23122139
16. Courraud J, Berger J, Cristol JP, Avallone S.: Stability and bioaccessibility of different forms of carotenoids and vitamin A during in vitro digestion.; Food Chem. 2013 Jan 15;136(2):871-7. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.076. Epub 2012 Sep 8.; PMID: 23122139

Vegan Vitamin B2 Foods - Riboflavin Sources

1. C. Robert Dove: Vitamins: Water Soluble: Thiamin, Riboflavin, and B6; Encyclopedia of Animal Science, Second Edition; Published: 19 Nov 2010
2. Hilary J Powers: Riboflavin (vitamin B-2) and health; Am J Clin Nutr June 2003 vol. 77 no. 6 1352-1360
3. Agte V, Tarwadi K, Mengale S, Hinge A, Chiplonkar S.: Vitamin profile of cooked foods: how healthy is the practice of ready-to-eat foods?; Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2002 May;53(3):197-208.; PMID: 11951583

Vegan Vitamin B6 Foods

1. Patrick J Stover, Martha S Field: Vitamin B-6; Adv Nutr January 2015 Adv Nutr vol. 6: 132-133, 2015; doi: 10.3945/?an.113.005207
2. Reynolds RD.: Bioavailability of vitamin B-6 from plant foods.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Sep;48(3 Suppl):863-7.; PMID: 2843032
3. Reynolds RD.: Bioavailability of vitamin B-6 from plant foods.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Sep;48(3 Suppl):863-7.; PMID: 2843032
4. Jesse F. Gregory, III: Accounting for differences in the bioactivity and bioavailability of vitamers; Food Nutr Res. 2012; 56: 10.3402/fnr.v56i0.5809. Published online 2012 Apr 2.; doi: 10.3402/fnr.v56i0.5809; PMCID: PMC3321260
5. EFSA NDA Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies), 2016. Scientific opinion on Dietary Reference Values for vitamin B6. EFSA Journal 2016;14(6):4485, 79 pp. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4485
6. Reynolds RD.: Bioavailability of vitamin B-6 from plant foods.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Sep;48(3 Suppl):863-7.; PMID: 2843032
7. Emília Lešková, Jana Kubíková, Eva Kováčiková, Martina Košická, Janka Porubská, Kristína Holčíková: Vitamin losses: Retention during heat treatment and continual changes expressed by mathematical models; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis Volume 19, Issue 4, June 2006, Pages 252–276; After Processing: The Fate of Food Components; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2005.04.014
8. OLLILAINEN, V.-M.. HPLC analysis of vitamin B6 in foods. Agricultural and Food Science, [S.l.], p. 515-619, Dec. 2008. ISSN 1795-1895.
9. Reynolds RD.: Bioavailability of vitamin B-6 from plant foods.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Sep;48(3 Suppl):863-7.; PMID: 2843032
10. KABIR, H., LEKLEM, J., & MILLER, L. T. (1983), Measurement of Glycosylated Vitamin B6 in Foods. Journal of Food Science, 48: 1422–1425. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb03506.x
11. Emília Lešková, Jana Kubíková, Eva Kováciková, Martina Košická, Janka Porubská, Kristína Holcíková: Vitamin losses: Retention during heat treatment and continual changes expressed by mathematical models; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis Volume 19, Issue 4, June 2006, Pages 252–276; After Processing: The Fate of Food Components; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2005.04.014
12. Pan X, Zhao H, Men J, Shen X.:: Changes of vitamins and mineral retention factors in potato cooked by different methods; Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2007 Jul;36(4):485-7.; PMID: 17953219
13. KABIR, H., LEKLEM, J., and MILLER, L. T. (1983), Measurement of Glycosylated Vitamin B6 in Foods. Journal of Food Science, 48: 1422–1425. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb03506.x
14. KABIR, H., LEKLEM, J. and MILLER, L. T. (1983), Measurement of Glycosylated Vitamin B6 in Foods. Journal of Food Science, 48: 1422–1425. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb03506.x
15. OLLILAINEN, V.-M.. HPLC analysis of vitamin B6 in foods. Agricultural and Food Science, [S.l.], p. 515-619, dec. 2008. ISSN 1795-1895.
16. KABIR, H., LEKLEM, J. and MILLER, L. T. (1983), Measurement of Glycosylated Vitamin B6 in Foods. Journal of Food Science, 48: 1422–1425. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb03506.x
17. D. A. SAMPSON, Q.-B. WEN, K. LORENZ: Vitamin B6 and Pyridoxine Glucoside Content of Wheat and Wheat Flours; Cereal Chem. 73(6):770-774; 1996 Nov-Dec
18. KABIR, H., LEKLEM, J., and MILLER, L. T. (1983), Measurement of Glycosylated Vitamin B6 in Foods. Journal of Food Science, 48: 1422–1425. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb03506.x
19. KABIR, H., LEKLEM, J., and MILLER, L. T. (1983), Measurement of Glycosylated Vitamin B6 in Foods. Journal of Food Science, 48: 1422–1425. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1983.tb03506.x
20. Youn Young Shim, Bo Gui, Paul G. Arnison, Yong Wang, Martin J.T. Reaney: Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) bioactive compounds and peptide nomenclature: A review; Trends in Food Science & Technology Volume 38, Issue 1, July 2014, Pages 5–20; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2014.03.011
21. Mayengbam S, Yang H, Barthet V, Aliani M, House JD.: Identification, characterization, and quantification of an anti-pyridoxine factor from flaxseed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.; J Agric Food Chem. 2014 Jan 15;62(2):419-26. doi: 10.1021/jf404786v. Epub 2014 Jan 2.; PMID: 24354394

Vegan Vitamin C Foods

1. K Akhilender Naidu: Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery? An overview; Nutrition Journal 2003 2:7; DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-2-7
2. Emília Lešková, Jana Kubíková, Eva Kováciková, Martina Košická, Janka Porubská, Kristína Holcíková: Vitamin losses: Retention during heat treatment and continual changes expressed by mathematical models; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis Volume 19, Issue 4, June 2006, Pages 252–276; After Processing: The Fate of Food Components; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2005.04.014
3. University of Rochester Medical Center: Vitamin C; accessed on 05/20/2016
4. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS: Vitamin C; Rome, 2002
5. University of Rochester Medical Center: Vitamin C; accessed on 05/20/2016
6. Agte V, Tarwadi K, Mengale S, Hinge A, Chiplonkar S.: Vitamin profile of cooked foods: how healthy is the practice of ready-to-eat foods?; Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2002 May;53(3):197-208.; PMID: 11951583
7. Jens Lykkesfeldt: Vitamin C; Adv Nutr January 2014 Adv Nutr vol. 5: 16-18, 2014; doi: 10.3945/an.113.005157
8. Jens Lykkesfeldt: Vitamin C; Adv Nutr January 2014 Adv Nutr vol. 5: 16-18, 2014; doi: 10.3945/an.113.005157
9. Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and the New Zealand Ministry of Health (MoH); National Health and Medical Research Council: Vitamin C; accessed on May 20, 2016
10. R. Domínguez-Perles, P. Mena, C. García-Vigueraa, D. A. Moreno: Brassica Foods as a Dietary Source of Vitamin C: A Review; Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition Volume 54 pages 1076-1091, Issue 8, 2014; DOI:10.1080/10408398.2011.626873; Published online: March 26, 2013
11. Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Dietary Antioxidants and Related Compounds. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2000.: Vitamin C
12. Chirag A. Patel, Kalyani Divakar, Devdas Santani, Himanshu K. Solanki, Jalaram H. Thakkar: Remedial Prospective of Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. (Sea Buckthorn); ISRN Pharmacol. 2012; 2012: 436857.; Published online 2012 Mar 11. doi: 10.5402/2012/436857; PMCID: PMC3317027
13. Jae-Hee Park, Minhee Lee, Eunju Park: Antioxidant Activity of Orange Flesh and Peel Extracted with Various Solvents; Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2014 Dec; 19(4): 291–298.; Published online 2014 Dec 31.; doi: 10.3746/pnf.2014.19.4.291; PMCID: PMC4287321
14. R. Domínguez-Perles, P. Mena, C. García-Vigueraa, D. A. Moreno: Brassica Foods as a Dietary Source of Vitamin C: A Review; Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition Volume 54 pages 1076-1091, Issue 8, 2014; DOI:10.1080/10408398.2011.626873; Published online: 26 Mar 2013

Vegan Vitamin E Foods

1. Maret G. Traber: Vitamin E; Adv Nutr May 2012 Adv Nutr vol. 3: 330-331, 2012; doi: 10.3945/an.112.002139
2. Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Dietary Antioxidants and Related Compounds. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2000.: Vitamin E; Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium, and Carotenoids.
3. University of Rochester Medical Center, Wilkins, Joanna, R.D., C.D.: Vitamin E; accessed on 06/03/2016
4. Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and the New Zealand Ministry of Health (MoH); National Health and Medical Research Council: Vitamin E; accessed on 06/10/2016
5. University of Rochester Medical Center, Wilkins, Joanna, R.D., C.D.: Vitamin E; accessed on 06/03/2016
6. U.S. National Library of Medicine National Center for Biotechnology Information: VITAMIN E; Compound Summary for CID 14985; accessed on 06/03/2016
7. University of Rochester Medical Center, Wilkins, Joanna, R.D., C.D.: Vitamin E; accessed on 06/03/2016
8. Jouko T. Työppönen & R. V. Juhani Hakkarainen: Thermal Stability of Vitamin E in Barley; Thermal Stability of Vitamin E in Barley Food Science and Technology; Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Volume 35, Issue 2, 1985; DOI: 10.1080/00015128509435767; Published online: Sep 7, 2009
9. Colorado State University Extension, L. Bellows and R. Moore: Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K – 9.315; accessed on Jun 3, 2016
10. Bertrand Matthäus, Ludger Brühl: Virgin hemp seed oil: An interesting niche product; European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology Volume 110, Issue 7, pages 655–661, No. 7 July 2008; Article first published online: 19 MAY 2008; DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200700311

Vegan Zinc Foods - Zinc-Rich Diet

1. Kimura M, Itokawa Y.: Cooking losses of minerals in foods and its nutritional significance.; J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1990;36 Suppl 1:S25-32; discussion S33.; PMID: 2081985
2. Nazanin Roohani, Richard Hurrell, Roya Kelishadi, Rainer Schulin: Zinc and its importance for human health: An integrative review; J Res Med Sci. 2013 Feb; 18(2): 144–157.; PMCID: PMC3724376
3. Janet R Hunt: Bioavailability of iron, zinc, and other trace minerals from vegetarian diets; Am J Clin Nutr September 2003 vol. 78 no. 3 633S-639S
4. Wise A.: Phytate and zinc bioavailability.; Int J Food Sci Nutr. 1995 Feb;46(1):53-63.; PMID: 7712343
5. Angela V Saunders, Winston J Craig, Surinder K Baines: Zinc and vegetarian diets; Med J Aust 2013; 199 (4 Suppl): S17-S21.; doi: 10.5694/mja11.11493
6. Liang J, Han BZ, Nout MJ, Hamer RJ.: Effects of soaking, germination and fermentation on phytic acid, total and in vitro soluble zinc in brown rice.; Food Chem. 2008 Oct 15;110(4):821-8.M; doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.064. Epub 2008 Feb 29.
7. Bo Lönnerdal: Dietary Factors Influencing Zinc Absorption; J. Nutr. May 1, 2000 vol. 130 no. 5 1378S-1383S
8. Miller LV, Krebs NF, Hambidge KM.: Mathematical model of zinc absorption: effects of dietary calcium, protein and iron on zinc absorption.; Br J Nutr. 2013 Feb 28;109(4):695-700. doi: 10.1017/S000711451200195X. Epub 2012 May 23.; PMID: 22617116
9. Joanna Suliburska, Zbigniew Krejpcio: Evaluation of the content and bioaccessibility of iron, zinc, calcium and magnesium from groats, rice, leguminous grains and nuts; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Mar; 51(3): 589–594.; Published online 2011 Sep 29. doi: 10.1007/s13197-011-0535-5; PMCID: PMC3931887
10. Joanna Suliburska, Zbigniew Krejpcio: Evaluation of the content and bioaccessibility of iron, zinc, calcium and magnesium from groats, rice, leguminous grains and nuts; J Food Sci Technol. 2014 Mar; 51(3): 589–594.; Published online 2011 Sep 29. doi: 10.1007/s13197-011-0535-5; PMCID: PMC3931887
11. Janet R Hunt: Bioavailability of iron, zinc, and other trace minerals from vegetarian diets

Veganism Definition

1. Claus Leitzmann: Vegetarian nutrition: past, present, future; Am J Clin Nutr July 2014; doi: 10.3945/?ajcn.113.071365
2. Menzel J, Jabakhanji A, Biemann R, Mai K, Abraham K, Weikert C. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations of vegan and vegetarian diets with inflammatory biomarkers. Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 10;10(1):21736. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78426-8. PMID: 33303765; PMCID: PMC7730154.

Vitamin A - Benefits And Functions

1. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health: Vitamin A, Fact Sheet for Health Professionals; accessed on July 11, 2016
2. Machteld van Lieshout, Clive E West, Richard B van Breemen: Isotopic tracer techniques for studying the bioavailability and bioefficacy of dietary carotenoids, particularly β-carotene, in humans: a review; Am J Clin Nutr January 2003 vol. 77 no. 1 12-28
3. Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2001. 4, Vitamin A.
4. NIH, U.S. National Library of Medicine National Center for Biotechnology Information: Retinol; accessed on July 11, 2016
5. SCCS members: U. Bernauer, Q. Chaudhry, P. Coenraads, G. H. Degen, M. Dusinska, W. Lilienblum, E. Nielsen, T. Platzek, C. Rousselle, J. van Benthem; External experts: A. Bernard, J. Duus-Johansen, J. Ezendam, A. Giménez-Arnau, E. Mirkova, E. Panteri, T. Vanhaecke: Opinion on Vitamin A (Retinol, Retinyl Acetate, Retinyl Palmitate); On request from: European Commission; SCCS Number: SCCS/1576/16; Adopted on: April 20, 2016
6. U.S. National Library of Medicine National Center for Biotechnology Information: Retinol; accessed on September 5, 2016
7. SCCS members: U. Bernauer, Q. Chaudhry, P. Coenraads, G. H. Degen, M. Dusinska, W. Lilienblum, E. Nielsen, T. Platzek, C. Rousselle, J. van Benthem; External experts: A. Bernard, J. Duus-Johansen, J. Ezendam, A. Giménez-Arnau, E. Mirkova, E. Panteri, T. Vanhaecke: Opinion on Vitamin A (Retinol, Retinyl Acetate, Retinyl Palmitate); On request from: European Commission; SCCS Number: SCCS/1576/16; Adopted on: April 20, 2016
8. Emília Lešková, Jana Kubíková, Eva Kováčiková, Martina Košická, Janka Porubská, Kristína Holčíková: Vitamin losses: Retention during heat treatment and continual changes expressed by mathematical models; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis Volume 19, Issue 4, June 2006, Pages 252–276; After Processing: The Fate of Food Components; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2005.04.014
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10. Blomhoff, R. and Blomhoff, H. K. (2006): Overview of retinoid metabolism and function. J. Neurobiol., 66: 606–630. doi: 10.1002/neu.20242
11. Chen P, Hao W, Rife L, Wang XP, Shen D, Chen J, Ogden T, Van Boemel GB, Wu L, Yang M, Fong HK.: A photic visual cycle of rhodopsin regeneration is dependent on Rgr.; Nat Genet. 2001 Jul;28(3):256-60.; PMID: 11431696; DOI: 10.1038/90089
12. Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2001. 4, Vitamin A.
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15. Blomhoff, R. and Blomhoff, H. K. (2006), Overview of retinoid metabolism and function. J. Neurobiol., 66: 606–630. doi: 10.1002/neu.20242
16. University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC): Vitamin A (Retinol); accessed on July 11, 2016
17. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases: Vitamin A and Bone Health; accessed on July 11, 2016
18. Larry R. Engelking: Chapter 44 – Vitamin A; Textbook of Veterinary Physiological Chemistry (Third Edition) 2015, Pages 282–287; doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-391909-0.50044-X
19. Cathryn A. Hogarth, Michael D. Griswold: The key role of vitamin A in spermatogenesis; J Clin Invest. 2010 Apr 1; 120(4): 956–962.; Published online 2010 Apr 1.; doi: 10.1172/JCI41303; PMCID: PMC2846058
20. Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and the New Zealand Ministry of Health (MoH); National Health and Medical Research Council: Vitamin A; retrieved on 11/07/2016
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23. Strobel M, Tinz J, Biesalski HK.: The importance of beta-carotene as a source of vitamin A with special regard to pregnant and breastfeeding women.; Eur J Nutr. 2007 Jul;46 Suppl 1:I1-20.; PMID: 17665093
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32. Spinas E, Saggini A, Kritas SK, Cerulli G, Caraffa A, Antinolfi P, Pantalone A, Frydas A, Tei M, Speziali A, Saggini R, Pandolfi F, Conti P.: Can vitamin a mediate immunity and inflammation?; J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2015 Jan-Mar;29(1):1-6.; PMID: 25864736
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36. Yihua Wu, Yao Ye, Yu Shi, Peiwei Li, Jinming Xu, Kun Chen, Enping Xu, Jun Yang: Association between vitamin A, retinol intake and blood retinol level and gastric cancer risk: A meta-analysis; Clinical Nutrition Volume 34, Issue 4, August 2015, Pages 620–626; doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2014.06.007
37. Wu Y, Ye Y, Shi Y, Li P, Xu J, Chen K, Xu E, Yang J.: Association between vitamin A, retinol intake and blood retinol level and gastric cancer risk: A meta-analysis.; Clin Nutr. 2015 Aug;34(4):620-6. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.06.007. Epub 2014 Jun 23.; PMID: 25008141
38. Zhang YP, Chu RX, Liu H.: Vitamin A intake and risk of melanoma: a meta-analysis.; PLoS One. 2014 Jul 21;9(7):e102527. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102527. eCollection 2014.; PMID: 25048246
39. Tang JE, Wang RJ, Zhong H, Yu B, Chen Y.: Vitamin A and risk of bladder cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.; World J Surg Oncol. 2014 Apr 29;12:130. doi: 10.1186/1477-7819-12-130.; PMID: 24773914
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41. Georg Lietz, Jennifer Lange, Gerald Rimbach: Molecular and dietary regulation of β,β-carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1); Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics Volume 502, Issue 1, 1 October 2010, Pages 8–16; doi:10.1016/j.abb.2010.06.032
42. Tilman Grune, Georg Lietz, Andreu Palou, A. Catharine Ross, Wilhelm Stahl, Guangweng Tang, David Thurnham, Shi-an Yin, Hans K. Biesalski: β-Carotene Is an Important Vitamin A Source for Humans; J Nutr. 2010 Dec; 140(12): 2268S–2285S.; Published online 2010 Oct 27.; doi: 10.3945/jn.109.119024; PMCID: PMC3139236
43. Betty J. Burri, Jasmine S. T. Chang and Terry R. Neidlinger (2011). β-Cryptoxanthin- and α-carotene-rich foods have greater apparent bioavailability than β-carotene-rich foods in Western diets. British Journal of Nutrition, 105, pp 212-219. doi:10.1017/S0007114510003260.
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45. Guangwen Tang: Bioconversion of dietary provitamin A carotenoids to vitamin A in humans; Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 May; 91(5): 1468S–1473S.; Published online 2010 Mar 3.; doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.28674G; PMCID: PMC2854912
46. Guangwen Tang: Bioconversion of dietary provitamin A carotenoids to vitamin A in humans; Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 May; 91(5): 1468S–1473S.; Published online 2010 Mar 3.; doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.28674G; PMCID: PMC2854912
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Vitamin B12

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Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

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51. Lücke T, Korenke GC, Poggenburg I, Bentele KH, Das AM, Hartmann H.: Maternal vitamin B12 deficiency: cause for neurological symptoms in infancy.; Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. 2007 Aug;211(4):157-61.; PMID: 17729202
52. Zekai Avci, Tuba Turul, Sabiha Aysun, Işıil Ünal: Involuntary Movements and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Infantile Cobalamine (Vitamin B12) Deficiency; Pediatrics September 2003, VOLUME 112 / ISSUE 3
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Vitamin B12 Overdose and Excess

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13. Kazuhiro Takahashi, Shigeki Tsukamoto, Yuta Kakizaki, Ken Saito, Nobuhiro Ohkohchi, Katsu Hirayama: Hypercobalaminemia Induced by an Energy Drink after Total Gastrectomy: A Case Report; J Rural Med. 2013; 8(1): 181–185.; Published online 2013 Jul 2.; doi: 10.2185/jrm.8.181; PMCID: PMC4309343
14. Johan Frederik Berg Arendt, Lars Pedersen, Ebba Nexo, Henrik Toft Sørensen: Elevated Plasma Vitamin B12 Levels as a Marker for Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study; JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst (2013) djt315 doi: 10.1093/jnci/djt315; First published online November 18, 2013
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Vitamin B12 Requirement

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Vitamin B12 Supplementation

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Vitamin B2 - Riboflavin Benefits

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27. Agnoli C, Grioni S, Krogh V, Pala V, Allione A, Matullo G, Di Gaetano C, Tagliabue G, Pedraglio S, Garrone G, Cancarini I, Cavalleri A, Sieri S.: Plasma Riboflavin and Vitamin B-6, but Not Homocysteine, Folate, or Vitamin B-12, Are Inversely Associated with Breast Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Varese Cohort.; J Nutr. 2016 Apr 27. pii: jn225433. [Epub ahead of print]; PMID: 27121532
28. Michelle Sherwood, MD and Ran D. Goldman, MD FRCPC: Effectiveness of riboflavin in pediatric migraine prevention; Can Fam Physician. 2014 Mar; 60(3): 244-246.; PMCID: PMC3952759
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32. Rahimdel A, Zeinali A, Yazdian-Anari P, Hajizadeh R, Arefnia E.: Effectiveness of Vitamin B2 versus Sodium Valproate in Migraine Prophylaxis: a randomized clinical trial.; Electron Physician. 2015 Oct 19;7(6):1344-8. doi: 10.14661/1344. eCollection 2015.; PMID: 26516440
33. Kathleen Woolf, Melinda M. Manore: B-Vitamins and Exercise: Does Exercise Alter Requirements?; International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 2006, 16, 453-484
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Vitamin B6 - Benefits And Functions

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5. EFSA NDA Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies), 2016. Scientific opinion on Dietary Reference Values for vitamin B6. EFSA Journal 2016;14(6):4485, 79 pp. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4485
6. Institute of Medicine (US) Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes and its Panel on Folate, Other B Vitamins, and Choline. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1998. 7, Vitamin B6.
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12. Patrick J Stover, Martha S Field: Vitamin B-6; Adv Nutr January 2015 Adv Nutr vol. 6: 132-133, 2015; doi: 10.3945/an.113.005207
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14. Patrick J Stover, Martha S Field: Vitamin B-6; Adv Nutr January 2015 Adv Nutr vol. 6: 132-133, 2015; doi: 10.3945/an.113.005207
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17. Baszczuk A, Kopczyński Z.: Hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with cardiovascular disease; Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2014 Jan 2;68:579-89. doi: 10.5604/17322693.1102340.; PMID: 24864108
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34. Sutton Mooney, Jan-Erik Leuendorf, Christopher Hendrickson, Hanjo Hellmann: Vitamin B6: A Long Known Compound of Surprising Complexity; Review; Molecules 2009, 14(1), 329-351; doi:10.3390/molecules14010329; Published: 12 January 2009
35. Patrick J Stover, Martha S Field: Vitamin B-6; Adv Nutr January 2015 Adv Nutr vol. 6: 132-133, 2015; doi: 10.3945/an.113.005207
36. Melinda M Manore: Effect of physical activity on thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 requirements; Am J Clin Nutr August 2000 vol. 72 no. 2 598s-606s
37. Patrick J Stover, Martha S Field: Vitamin B-6; Adv Nutr January 2015 Adv Nutr vol. 6: 132-133, 2015; doi: 10.3945/an.113.005207
38. Melinda M Manore: Effect of physical activity on thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 requirements; Am J Clin Nutr August 2000 vol. 72 no. 2 598s-606s
39. University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester; Poulson, Brittany, RD, CDE; Wilkins, Joanna, R.D., C.D.: Pyridoxine; accessed on September 5, 2016
40. Katrina M Wyatt, Paul W Dimmock, Peter W Jones, P M Shaughn O'Brien: Efficacy of vitamin B-6 in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: systematic review; BMJ. 1999 May 22; 318(7195): 1375–1381.; PMCID: PMC27878
41. Agnoli C, Grioni S, Krogh V, Pala V, Allione A, Matullo G, Di Gaetano C, Tagliabue G, Pedraglio S, Garrone G, Cancarini I, Cavalleri A, Sieri S.: Plasma Riboflavin and Vitamin B-6, but Not Homocysteine, Folate, or Vitamin B-12, Are Inversely Associated with Breast Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Varese Cohort; J. Nutr. 2016 146: 6 1227-1234; first published online April 27, 2016.
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45. Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and the New Zealand Ministry of Health (MoH); National Health and Medical Research Council: Vitamin B6; accessed on 09/05/2016
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49. Reynolds RD.: Bioavailability of vitamin B-6 from plant foods.; Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Sep;48(3 Suppl):863-7.; PMID: 2843032
50. Jesse F. Gregory, III: Accounting for differences in the bioactivity and bioavailability of vitamers; Food Nutr Res. 2012; 56: 10.3402/fnr.v56i0.5809. Published online 2012 Apr 2.; doi: 10.3402/fnr.v56i0.5809; PMCID: PMC3321260
51. EFSA NDA Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies), 2016. Scientific opinion on Dietary Reference Values for vitamin B6. EFSA Journal 2016;14(6):4485, 79 pp. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4485
52. Hervé Vanderschuren, Svetlana Boycheva, Kuan-Te Li, Nicolas Szydlowski, Wilhelm Gruissem, Teresa B. Fitzpatrick: Strategies for vitamin B6 biofortification of plants: a dual role as a micronutrient and a stress protectant; Front Plant Sci. 2013; 4: 143.; Published online 2013 May 21. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00143; PMCID: PMC3659326
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58. Waldmann A, Dörr B, Koschizke JW, Leitzmann C, Hahn A.: Dietary intake of vitamin B6 and concentration of vitamin B6 in blood samples of German vegans.; Public Health Nutr. 2006 Sep;9(6):779-84.; PMID: 16925884

Vitamin C - Ascorbic Acid Benefits

1. Pumori Saokar Telang: Vitamin C in dermatology; Indian Dermatol Online J. 2013 Apr-Jun; 4(2): 143–146.; doi: 10.4103/2229-5178.110593; PMCID: PMC3673383
2. K Akhilender Naidu: Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery? An overview; Nutrition Journal 2003 2:7; DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-2-7
3. Emília Lešková, Jana Kubíková, Eva Kováciková, Martina Košická, Janka Porubská, Kristína Holcíková: Vitamin losses: Retention during heat treatment and continual changes expressed by mathematical models; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis Volume 19, Issue 4, June 2006, Pages 252–276; After Processing: The Fate of Food Components; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2005.04.014
4. Juan Du, Joseph J. Cullen, Garry R. Buettner: Ascorbic acid: Chemistry, biology and the treatment of cancer; Biochim Biophys Acta. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 Dec 1.; Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Dec; 1826(2): 443–457.; Published online 2012 Jun 20.; doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.06.003; PMCID: PMC3608474; NIHMSID: NIHMS401995
5. K Akhilender Naidu: Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery? An overview; Nutrition Journal 2003 2:7; DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-2-7
6. Colorado State University Extension, L. Bellows and R. Moore: Water-Soluble Vitamins: B-Complex and Vitamin C – 9.312; Revised 11/12; accessed on 05/20/2016
7. K Akhilender Naidu: Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery? An overview; Nutrition Journal 2003 2:7; DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-2-7
8. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health: Vitamin C, Fact Sheet for Health Professionals; accessed on 05/20/2016
9. Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Dietary Antioxidants and Related Compounds. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2000.: Vitamin C
10. Shindo Y, Witt E, Han D, Epstein W, Packer L.: Enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants in epidermis and dermis of human skin.; J Invest Dermatol. 1994 Jan;102(1):122-4.; PMID: 8288904
11. Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and the New Zealand Ministry of Health (MoH); National Health and Medical Research Council: Vitamin C; accessed on May 20, 2016
12. K Akhilender Naidu: Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery? An overview; Nutrition Journal 2003 2:7; DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-2-7
13. HOPES Stanford University, Stephanie Liou: Vitamin C; Jun 29, 2010
14. Alagl AS, Bhat SG.: Ascorbic acid: new role of an age-old micronutrient in the management of periodontal disease in older adults.; Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2015 Mar;15(3):241-54. doi: 10.1111/ggi.12408. Epub 2014 Nov 19.; PMID: 25407241
15. Jens Lykkesfeldt: Vitamin C; Adv Nutr January 2014 Adv Nutr vol. 5: 16-18, 2014; doi: 10.3945/?an.113.005157
16. Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Dietary Antioxidants and Related Compounds. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2000.: Vitamin C
17. Jens Lykkesfeldt: Vitamin C; Adv Nutr January 2014 Adv Nutr vol. 5: 16-18, 2014; doi: 10.3945/?an.113.005157
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20. Jens Lykkesfeldt: Vitamin C; Adv Nutr January 2014 Adv Nutr vol. 5: 16-18, 2014; doi: 10.3945/?an.113.005157
21. J Mandl, A Szarka, G Bánhegyi: Vitamin C: update on physiology and pharmacology; Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Aug; 157(7): 1097–1110.; Published online 2009 Jun 5.; doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00282.x; PMCID: PMC2743829
22. Juan Du, Joseph J. Cullen, Garry R. Buettner: Ascorbic acid: Chemistry, biology and the treatment of cancer; Biochim Biophys Acta. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 Dec 1.; Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Dec; 1826(2): 443–457.; Published online 2012 Jun 20.; doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.06.003; PMCID: PMC3608474; NIHMSID: NIHMS401995
23. Juan Du, Joseph J. Cullen, Garry R. Buettner: Ascorbic acid: Chemistry, biology and the treatment of cancer; Biochim Biophys Acta. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 Dec 1.; Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Dec; 1826(2): 443–457.; Published online 2012 Jun 20.; doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.06.003; PMCID: PMC3608474; NIHMSID: NIHMS401995
24. Jens Lykkesfeldt: Vitamin C; Adv Nutr January 2014 Adv Nutr vol. 5: 16-18, 2014; doi: 10.3945/?an.113.005157
25. Juan Du, Joseph J. Cullen, Garry R. Buettner: Ascorbic acid: Chemistry, biology and the treatment of cancer; Biochim Biophys Acta. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 Dec 1.; Published in final edited form as: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Dec; 1826(2): 443–457.; Published online 2012 Jun 20.; doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.06.003; PMCID: PMC3608474; NIHMSID: NIHMS401995
26. J Mandl, A Szarka, G Bánhegyi: Vitamin C: update on physiology and pharmacology; Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Aug; 157(7): 1097–1110.; Published online 2009 Jun 5.; doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00282.x; PMCID: PMC2743829
27. Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Dietary Antioxidants and Related Compounds. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2000.: Vitamin C
28. Reda E, D'Iddio S, Nicolai R, Benatti P, Calvani M.: The carnitine system and body composition.; Acta Diabetol. 2003 Oct;40 Suppl 1:S106-13.; PMID: 14618447
29. K Akhilender Naidu: Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery? An overview; Nutrition Journal 2003 2:7; DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-2-7
30. Juan I. Young, Stephan Züchner, Gaofeng Wang: Regulation of the Epigenome by Vitamin C; Annu Rev Nutr. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 Jul 18.; Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Nutr. 2015 Jul 17; 35: 545–564.; Published online 2015 May 6. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071714-034228; PMCID: PMC4506708; NIHMSID: NIHMS707086
31. Maret G. Traber, Jan F. Stevens: Vitamins C and E: Beneficial effects from a mechanistic perspective; Free Radical Biology and Medicine Volume 51, Issue 5, 1 September 2011, Pages 1000–1013, Translational aspects of free radical biology; doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.017
32. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health: Vitamin C, Fact Sheet for Consumers; accessed on May 20, 2016
33. Ahmet Unlu, M.D., Onder Kirca, M.D., Mustafa Ozdogan, M.D., Erdinç Nayır, M.D.: High-dose vitamin C and cancer; Journal of Oncological Science Volume 1, January 2016, Pages 10–12; doi:10.1016/j.jons.2015.11.010
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35. HOPES Stanford University, Stephanie Liou: Vitamin C; Jun 29, 2010
36. Jens Lykkesfeldt: Vitamin C; Adv Nutr January 2014 Adv Nutr vol. 5: 16-18, 2014; doi: 10.3945/?an.113.005157
37. K Akhilender Naidu: Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery? An overview; Nutrition Journal 2003 2:7; DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-2-7
38. Maryam Taghiyar, Reza Ghiasvand, Gholamreza Askari, Awat Feizi, Mitra Hariri, Nafiseh Shokri Mashhadi, Leila Darvishi: The Effect of Vitamins C and E Supplementation on Muscle Damage, Performance, and Body Composition in Athlete Women: A Clinical Trial; Int J Prev Med. 2013 Apr; 4(Suppl 1): S24–S30.; PMCID: PMC3665021
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85. Hossein-nezhad A, Holick MF.: Optimize dietary intake of vitamin D: an epigenetic perspective.; Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2012 Nov;15(6):567-79. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283594978.; PMID: 23075936
86. Robert P. Heaney: Vitamin D in Health and Disease; Published online before print June 2008, doi: 10.2215/CJN.01160308; CJASN September 2008 vol. 3 no. 5 1535-1541
87. Cannell JJ, Hollis BW.: Use of vitamin D in clinical practice.; Altern Med Rev. 2008 Mar;13(1):6-20.; PMID: 18377099
88. Michael F Holick, Tai C Chen: Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences; American Society for Clinical Nutrition; Am J Clin Nutr April 2008 vol. 87 no. 4 1080S-1086S
89. Linsey Utami Gani, FRACP, MPH, Choon How How, MMed, FCFP: Vitamin D deficiency; Singapore Med J. 2015 Aug; 56(8): 433–437.; doi: 10.11622/smedj.2015119; PMCID: PMC4545131
90. Patsy M. Brannon: Vitamin D; doi: 10.3945/an.111.000620; Adv Nutr July 2011 Adv Nutr vol. 2: 365-367, 2011
91. Matthias Wacker, Michael F. Holick: Sunlight and Vitamin D, A global perspective for health; Dermatoendocrinol. 2013 Jan 1; 5(1): 51–108.; Published online 2013 Jan 1. doi: 10.4161/derm.24494; PMCID: PMC3897598
92. Outila TA, Kärkkäinen MU, Seppänen RH, Lamberg-Allardt CJ.: Dietary intake of vitamin D in premenopausal, healthy vegans was insufficient to maintain concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and intact parathyroid hormone within normal ranges during the winter in Finland.; J Am Diet Assoc. 2000 Apr;100(4):434-41.; PMID: 10767899
93. Matthias Wacker, Michael F. Holick: Sunlight and Vitamin D, A global perspective for health; Dermatoendocrinol. 2013 Jan 1; 5(1): 51–108.; Published online 2013 Jan 1. doi: 10.4161/derm.24494; PMCID: PMC3897598
94. Holick MF.: Sunlight and vitamin D for bone health and prevention of autoimmune diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular disease.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Dec;80(6 Suppl):1678S-88S.; PMID: 15585788

Vitamin D In Plant-based Foods And Vegan Products

1. Wang T, Bengtsson G, Kärnefelt I, Björn LO.: Provitamins and vitamins D₂and D₃in Cladina spp. over a latitudinal gradient: possible correlation with UV levels.; J Photochem Photobiol B. 2001 Sep 1;62(1-2):118-22.; PMID: 116
2. Pirjo Mattila, Riitta Ronkainen, Kaisa Lehikoinen, Vieno Piironen: Effect of Household Cooking on the Vitamin D content in Fish, Eggs, and Wild Mushrooms; Journal of Food Composition and Analysis; Volume 12, Issue 3, September 1999, Pages 153–160; doi:10.1006/jfca.1999.0828
3. Raphael-John H. Keegan, Zhiren Lu, Jaimee M. Bogusz, Jennifer E. Williams, Michael F. Holick: Photobiology of vitamin D in mushrooms and its bioavailability in humans; Dermatoendocrinol. 2013 Jan 1; 5(1): 165–176.; Published online 2013 Jan 1. doi: 10.4161/derm.23321; PMCID: PMC3897585
4. Terhi A Outila, Pirjo H Mattila, Vieno I Piironen, and Christel JE Lamberg-Allardt: Bioavailability of vitamin D from wild edible mushrooms (Cantharellus tubaeformis) as measured with a human bioassay; American Society for Clinical Nutrition; Am J Clin Nutr January 1999; vol. 69 no. 1 95-98
5. J. Ignacio Rangel-Castro, Anders Staffas, Eric Danell: The ergocalciferol content of dried pigmented and albino Cantharellus cibarius fruit bodies; Mycological Research; Volume 106, Issue 1, January 2002, Pages 70–73; doi:10.1017/S0953756201005299
6. Louise O’Mahony, Magdalena Stepien, Michael J. Gibney, Anne P. Nugent, Lorraine Brennan: The Potential Role of Vitamin D Enhanced Foods in Improving Vitamin D Status; Nutrients. 2011 Dec; 3(12): 1023–1041.; Published online 2011 Dec 16. doi: 10.3390/nu3121023; PMCID: PMC3260490
7. Biancuzzo RM, Young A, Bibuld D, Cai MH, Winter MR, Klein EK, Ameri A, Reitz R, Salameh W, Chen TC, Holick MF.: Fortification of orange juice with vitamin D(2) or vitamin D(3) is as effective as an oral supplement in maintaining vitamin D status in adults.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Jun;91(6):1621-6. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27972. Epub 2010 Apr 28.; PMID: 20427729
8. Tangpricha V, Koutkia P, Rieke SM, Chen TC, Perez AA, Holick MF.: Fortification of orange juice with vitamin D: a novel approach for enhancing vitamin D nutritional health.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jun;77(6):1478-83.; PMID: 12791627
9. Allen RE, Dangour AD, Tedstone AE, Chalabi Z.: Does fortification of staple foods improve vitamin D intakes and status of groups at risk of deficiency? A United Kingdom modeling study.; Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Aug;102(2):338-44. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.107409. Epub 2015 Jul 1.; PMID: 26135347
10. Brown J, Sandmann A, Ignatius A, Amling M, Barvencik F.: New perspectives on vitamin D food fortification based on a modeling of 25(OH)D concentrations.; Nutr J. 2013 Nov 21;12(1):151. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-151.; PMID: 24261676
11. Ryan R. Simon, Katherine M. Phillips, Ronald L. Horst, Ian C. Munro: Vitamin D Mushrooms: Comparison of the Composition of Button Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) Treated Postharvest with UVB Light or Sunlight; J. Agric. Food Chem., 2011, 59 (16), pp 8724–8732; DOI: 10.1021/jf201255b; Publication Date (Web): July 8, 2011; Copyright © 2011 American Chemical Society
12. Ko JA, Lee BH, Lee JS, Park HJ.: Effect of UV-B exposure on the concentration of vitamin D2 in sliced shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) and white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus).; J Agric Food Chem. 2008 May 28;56(10):3671-4. doi: 10.1021/jf073398s. Epub 2008 Apr 29.; PMID: 18442245
13. Urbain P, Singler F, Ihorst G, Biesalski HK, Bertz H.: Bioavailability of vitamin D₂ from UV-B-irradiated button mushrooms in healthy adults deficient in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: a randomized controlled trial.; Eur J Clin Nutr. 2011 Aug;65(8):965-71. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.53. Epub 2011 May 4.; PMID: 21540874
14. Rie B. Jäpelt, Jette Jakobsen: Vitamin D in plants: a review of occurrence, analysis, and biosynthesis; Front Plant Sci. 2013; 4: 136.; Published online 2013 May 13. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00136; PMCID: PMC3651966
15. Rie B. Jäpelt, Jette Jakobsen: Vitamin D in plants: a review of occurrence, analysis, and biosynthesis; Front Plant Sci. 2013; 4: 136.; Published online 2013 May 13. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00136; PMCID: PMC3651966
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Vitamin D Overdose And Toxicity

1. Michael F. Holick, PhD, MD: Vitamin D Is Not as Toxic as Was Once Thought: A Historical and an Up-to-Date Perspective; May 2015 Volume 90, Issue 5, Pages 561–564; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.03.015
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4. Reinhold Vieth: Critique of the Considerations for Establishing the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for Vitamin D: Critical Need for Revision Upwards; J. Nutr. April 2006 vol. 136 no. 4 1117-1122
5. Blank S, Scanlon KS, Sinks TH, Lett S, Falk H.: An outbreak of hypervitaminosis D associated with the overfortification of milk from a home-delivery dairy.; Am J Public Health. 1995 May;85(5):656-9.; PMID: 7733425
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7. P. F. Down, A. Polak, R. J. Regan: A family with massive acute vitamin D intoxication; Postgrad Med J. 1979 Dec; 55(650): 897–902.; PMCID: PMC2425685
8. Nako Y, Tomomasa T, Morikawa A.: Risk of hypervitaminosis D from prolonged feeding of high vitamin D premature infant formula.; Pediatr Int. 2004 Aug;46(4):439-43.; PMID: 15310310
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11. Kumaravel Rajakumar, MD, MS; Evelyn Cohen Reis, MD; Michael F. Holick, PhD, MD: Dosing error with over-the-counter vitamin D supplement: A risk for vitamin D toxicity in infants; Clin Pediatr (Phila). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 Jan 1.; Published in final edited form as: Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2013 Jan; 52(1): 82–85.; Published online 2012 Apr 5. doi: 10.1177/0009922812439245; PMCID: PMC3396753; NIHMSID: NIHMS355281
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13. Adams JS, Lee G.: Gains in bone mineral density with resolution of vitamin D intoxication.; Ann Intern Med. 1997 Aug 1;127(3):203-6.; PMID: 9245225
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16. Karl C. Klontz, M.D., David W. Acheson, M.D.: Dietary Supplement–Induced Vitamin D Intoxication; N Engl J Med 2007; 357:308-309 July 19, 2007 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc063341
17. Kaptein S, Risselada AJ, Boerma EC, Egbers PH, Nieboer P.: Life-threatening complications of vitamin D intoxication due to over-the-counter supplements.; Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010 Jun;48(5):460-2. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2010.486382.; PMID: 20515399
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29. Robert P. Heaney: Vitamin D in Health and Disease; Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Sep; 3(5): 1535–1541.; doi: 10.2215/CJN.01160308; PMCID: PMC4571146
30. Bruce W. Hollis, Ph.D., Donna Johnson, M.D., Thomas C. Hulsey, Sc.D., Myla Ebeling, RA, Carol L. Wagner, M.D.: Vitamin D Supplementation during Pregnancy: Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Safety and Effectiveness; J Bone Miner Res. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 Oct 1.; Published in final edited form as: J Bone Miner Res. 2011 Oct; 26(10): 2341–2357.; doi: 10.1002/jbmr.463; PMCID: PMC3183324; NIHMSID: NIHMS306620
31. Kumaravel Rajakumar, MD, MS; Evelyn Cohen Reis, MD; Michael F. Holick, PhD, MD: Dosing error with over-the-counter vitamin D supplement: A risk for vitamin D toxicity in infants; Clin Pediatr (Phila). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 Jan 1.; Published in final edited form as: Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2013 Jan; 52(1): 82–85.; Published online 2012 Apr 5. doi: 10.1177/0009922812439245; PMCID: PMC3396753; NIHMSID: NIHMS355281
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34. Bereket A, Erdogan T.: Oral bisphosphonate therapy for vitamin D intoxication of the infant.; Pediatrics. 2003 Apr;111(4 Pt 1):899-901.; PMID: 12671131
35. Kumaravel Rajakumar, MD, MS; Evelyn Cohen Reis, MD; Michael F. Holick, PhD, MD: Dosing error with over-the-counter vitamin D supplement: A risk for vitamin D toxicity in infants; Clin Pediatr (Phila). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 Jan 1.; Published in final edited form as: Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2013 Jan; 52(1): 82–85.; Published online 2012 Apr 5. doi: 10.1177/0009922812439245; PMCID: PMC3396753; NIHMSID: NIHMS355281
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Vitamin D Requirement Per Day

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Vitamin E - Benefits And Functions

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Wild Garlic - The Health Benefits of Bear's Garlic!

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Zinc Deficiency - Symptoms, Causes, Therapy

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